Table 1.

Sample Characteristics

Characteristics (n = 125)	Mean ± SD or %
Age categories
<65 years	50.7
65+ years	49.3
Females	72.5
Race
Black	71.4
White	28.6
Education categories
≤High school graduate	68.2
>High school graduate	31.8
Income categories
≤$15,000	64.2
$15,000+	35.8
Health status
Better or same as last year	26.1
Worse than last year	73.9
Health literacy
Realm-R (mean number correct)	6.1 ± 0.3
Diabetes knowledge
DKQ (mean number correct)	15.3 ± 0.4
Medication adherence
Morisky score (mean score)	0.9 ± 0.1
Diabetes self-care
General diet	4.6 ± 0.2
Exercise	2.7 ± 0.2
Blood sugar monitoring	4.7 ± 0.2
Foot care	5.2 ± 0.2
Mean HbA1c (%)	7.6 ± 0.2

DKQ, Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; REALM-R, Revised Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine.