Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients not treated (HCM BB–) or treated with β-blockers (HCM BB+) and of control subjects
| Parameter | HCM BB– (n = 19) | HCM BB+ (n = 32) | Control subjects (n = 14) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualitative data | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
| Men | 13 (68.4) | 16 (50.0) | 9 (64.3 ) |
| Smokers | 4 (21.1) | 4 (12.5) | 2 (14.3) |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 5 (26.3) | 7 (21.9) | 4 (28.6) |
| NYHA I | 11 (57.9) | 10 (31.3) | 0 |
| NYHA II | 4 (21.1) | 16 (50) | 0 |
| NYHA III | 4 (21.1) | 6 (18.8) | 0 |
| Syncope | 3 (15.8) | 12 (37.5) | 0 |
| Aborted sudden cardiac death | 8 (42.1) | 14 (43.8) | 0 |
| Hypertension | 6 (31.6) | 8 (25.0) | 0 |
| Implanted cardioverter defibrillator | 3 (15.8) | 13 (40.6) | 0 |
| Presence of SAM | 3 (15.8) | 12 (37.5) | 0 |
| LVOT obstruction | 4 (21.1) | 15 (46.9) | 0 |
| ACE inhibitors | 2 (10.5) | 8 (25.0) | 0 |
| Calcium antagonists | 5 (26.3) | 3 (9.4) | 0 |
| Diuretics | 1 (5.3) | 3 (9.4) | 0 |
| Aldosterone antagonists | 1 (5.3) | 2 (6.3) | 0 |
| Amiodarone | 1 (5.3) | 6 (18.8) | 0 |
| Continuous data | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51.0 (26.0–56.0) | 47.5 (29.3–55.8) | 38 (27.5–55.5) |
| Body mass index (kg m−2) | 26.0 (22.5–30.0) | 26 (22.5–29.9) | 25.35 (22.8–27.5) |
| LVEDd (mm) | 44.0 (36.0–47.0) | 40.0 (37.0–46.0) | 43.5 (39.0–46.3) |
| IVS (mm) | 18.6 (16.0–23.2) | 20.8 (17.7–26.6) | 9.0 (9.0–9.25)†‡ |
| PWT (mm) | 11.0 (9.6–11.9) | 11.9 (10.0–13.7) | 10.0 (9.0–10.0)†‡ |
| RWT | 0.65 (0.57–0.91) | 0.82 (0.69–0.97) | 0.44 (0.41–0.48)†‡ |
| LVM (g) | 238 (198–305) | 293 (257–359)* | 116 (108–121)†‡ |
| LVMI (g m−2) | 114 (108–166) | 165 (139–185)* | 62 (57–66)†‡ |
| EF (%) | 68 (65–73) | 75 (68.3–79.8)* | 64 (61.8–67)†‡ |
Qualitative data are presented as numbers (%), while continuous data are presented as medians (IQR). Comparisons between groups were made with Fisher's exact test for qualitative data or with the Mann–Whitney U-test for continuous data. For qualitative data, only gender, smoking and hypercholesterolaemia were compared with the control group; for the remaining qualitative data, only comparisons between HCM BB– and HCM BB+ were performed. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; EF, ejection fraction; IQR, interquartile range; IVS, intraventricular septum thickness; LVEDd, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVM, left ventricular mass; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PWT, posterior wall thickness; RWT, relative wall thickness; SAM, systolic anterior motion.
P < 0.05 for comparison of HCM BB– vs. HCM BB+;
P < 0.05 for comparison of HCM BB– vs. control group; and
P < 0.05 for comparison of HCM BB+ vs. control group.