Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | AKI (n = 627) | No AKI (n = 637) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 64 (52-75) | 65 (53-76) | 0.45 |
| Male | 386 (61.6%) | 368 (57.8%) | 0.17 |
| Caucasian | 585 (93.3%) | 584 (91.7%) | 0.27 |
| APACHE III score | 81 (65-98) | 66 (54-78) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.08 | ||
| Underweight (<18.6) | 27 (4.3%) | 36 (5.7%) | |
| Normal weight (18.6-25) | 182 (29.0%) | 220 (34.5%) | |
| Overweight (25.1-30) | 241 (38.4%) | 228 (35.8%) | |
| Obese (>30) | 177 (28.2%) | 153 (24.0%) | |
| ICUs | <0.0001 | ||
| Medical ICUs | 445 (71.0%) | 366 (57.5%) | |
| Surgical ICUs | 160 (25.5%) | 233 (36.6%) | |
| Others | 22 (3.5%) | 38 (5.9%) | |
| Diabetes | 167 (26.6%) | 173 (27.2%) | 0.83 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 49 (7.8%) | 22 (3.5%) | 0.0008 |
| Pre-ICU hospital stay > 48 hours | 235 (37.5%) | 272 (42.7%) | 0.06 |
| Bacteremia | 171 (27.3%) | 123 (19.3%) | 0.0008 |
| Source of infection | 0.01 | ||
| Lung | 268 (42.8%) | 303 (47.6%) | |
| Abdomen | 92 (14.7%) | 84 (13.2%) | |
| Urinary tract | 41 (6.6%) | 26 (4.1%) | |
| Skin/soft tissue | 44 (7.0%) | 39 (6.1%) | |
| Others | 34 (5.4%) | 56 (8.8%) | |
| Unknown | 36 (5.8%) | 19 (3.0%) | |
| Multiple sources | 111 (17.7%) | 109 (17.1%) | |
| Laboratory values on ICU admission | |||
| White blood cell (103/mm3) | 17.8 (12.1-25.6) | 16.7 (12.2-23.2) | 0.04 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 29.0 (26.1-32.6) | 29.4 (26.7-33.0) | 0.11 |
| Platelet (103/mm3) | 180 (104-261) | 207 (141-304) | <0.0001 |
| Serum glucose (mg/dL) | 186 (148-254) | 171 (139-229) | <0.0001 |
| Serum bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.5-2.1) | 0.7 (0.4-1.4) | <0.0001 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.8 (1.3-2.9) | 1.0 (0.8-1.4) | <0.0001 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | 2.3 (1.8-2.8) | 2.3 (1.9-2.8) | 0.93 |
| Receiving mechanical ventilation within 48 hours of ICU admission | 486 (77.5%) | 484 (76.0%) | 0.52 |
| Presence of ARDS at ICU admission | 91 (14.5%) | 102 (16.0%) | 0.46 |
| Presence of ARDS within 72 hours of ICU admission | 180 (28.7%) | 162 (25.4%) | 0.19 |
| PaO2:FiO2 on day zero of shock | 136 (84-225) | 164 (103-241) | 0.001 |
| Receiving vasopressors for > 48 hours | 393 (62.7%) | 316 (49.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Treatment with activated protein C | 21 (3.4%) | 15 (2.4%) | 0.29 |
Definition of abbreviations: AKI=acute kidney injury; APACHE=Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ICU=intensive care unit; ARDS=acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Data are presented as medians (25th-75th percentiles) or n (%).