Figure 3.

Stimulus manipulations. (a) Each stimulus consists of two areas; the implicit edge is formed by discontinuities in orientation of the elements. For illustrative purposes, lines are drawn on the stimuli to show the different shapes they can take. Stimuli as presented to the participants are shown in Figure 2. All shapes are used in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, only the six shapes at the left are shown. (b) The nine levels of orientation jitter are presented for one stimulus: 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, and 80°.