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Fentanyl levels (ng/mL) by time point and treatment group
| Group | n | Mean ± SEM | P | |
| 24 h | 0.095 | |||
| Bupivacaine | 10 | 0.198 ± 0.060 | ||
| Saline | 9 | 0.431 ± 0.12 | ||
| 48 h | 0.85 | |||
| Bupivacaine | 10 | 0.199 ± 0.057 | ||
| Saline | 12a | 0.217 ± 0.071 | ||
| 72 h | 0.45 | |||
| Bupivacaine | 4 | 0.099 ± 0.041 | ||
| Saline | 4 | 0.137 ± 0.023 |
In some pigs, fentanyl patches began detaching and had to be replaced earlier than planned. Because blood draw time points were fixed already, some pigs had two 48-h measurements but no 72-h measurements.
