Table 1.

Summary of test results.

¹TAP, Testbatterie zur Aufmerksamkeitsprüfung (Test Battery for the Assessment of Attention).

²WCST Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.

³TkS, Test für kognitives Schätzen (Test of Cognitive Estimation).

⁴Ss, subjects (Breitenstein et al., 1996)

⁵Replication study: Curci-Marino et al. (2004).

⁶Though ML partly showed results in tests of malingering which were indicative of malingering, these cannot be interpreted as malingering as he was usually poor in memory recall in general.

⁷Bremer Auditiver Gedächtnistest.

⁸Test zur Überprüfung der Gedächtnisfähigkeit im Alltag.

A T-score is a standard score that sets the mean to fifty and standard deviation to 10.

A percentile (PC) is the value of a variable below which a certain percent of observation fall.

Stanines are standard scores with a maximum of 9. Stanines 1–2 and 8–9 indicate significant deviations from normative data.

Stanines 1–3 on the subscale “Openness” of the FPI-R indicate elevated social desirability limiting the validity of the responses in the entire questionnaire. The gray column in the middle reflects average or normal scores.