Figure 1.

A: Protein structure–function paradigm is the “Big Bang” created universe of the modern protein science. Some major directions based on the consideration of protein function as lock-and-key mechanism are shown. Modified from Ref.1. B: Paradigm shift caused by the introduction of the protein intrinsic disorder concept opened a wide array of new directions in protein science. In essence, introduction of this concept can be considered as a scientific revolution that, according to Kuhn,⁵ “occurs when scientists encounter anomalies that cannot be explained by the universally accepted paradigm within which scientific progress has thereto been made” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm_shift).