Table 4.

Univariate Differences in Arrival to Discharge Pain Scores: Pre- and Post-Implementation of Analgesic Protocols

Variable	N Pre- protocol period	Pre Median (IQR)	N post- protocol period	Post Median (IQR)	Median difference (95% CI)
Site Differences
Overall	295	−4 (−5 to −2)	458	−4 (−6 to −2)	−1 (−1 to 0)
Site 1	126	−2 (−4 to −1)	126	−4 (−5 to −2)	−1 (−2 to 0)
Site 2	150	−4 (−6 to −3)	269	−4 (−5 to −3)	0 (0 to 1)
Site 3	19	−4 (−6 to −3)	63	−5 (−7 to −3)	−1 (−2 to 1)
ED Visits/Patient Groups
Overall	295	−4 (−5 to −2)	458	−4 (−6 to −2)	−1 (−1 to 0)
1-6	31	−3 (−5 to −1)	32	−5 (−8 to −2)	−1.5 (−3 to 0)
7-19	49	−2 (−4 to −1)	55	−4 (−6 to −2)	−2 (−3 to −1)
20+	215	−4 (−6 to −2)	371	−4 (−5 to −2)	0 (−1 to 0)

There was a significant decrease in the pain score from arrival within 45 minutes to discharge patients between the pre- and post-implementation study periods, (p = 0.021, independent-samples median test, Hodges-Lehman statistic).