Table 4. Clinical outcomes at age three years.
| Control | Bolus Vitamin D | RR | OR | P | aOR† | P | |
| (%) | (%) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | |||
| Wheeze ever | 14/50 (28) | 15/52 (29) | 1.03 (0.56, 1.91) | 1.04 (0.44, 2.47) | 0.93 | 1.17 (0.44, 3.10) | 0.75 |
| Recurrent wheezing | 7/50 (14) | 9/52 (17) | 1.24 (0.50 (3.07) | 1.29 (0.44, 3.77) | 0.65 | 1.91 (0.53, 6.75) | 0.31 |
| Wheezing in the last year | 8/50 (16) | 9/52 (17) | 1.08 (0.45, 2.58) | 1.10 (0.39, 3.12) | 0.86 | 1.29 (0.40, 4.15) | 0.66 |
| Wheeze with positive API | 7/50 (14) | 9/51 (18) | 1.26 (0.51, 3.12) | 1.32 (0.45, 3.86) | 0.62 | 2.01 (0.58, 6.99) | 0.27 |
| Any bronchodilator use | 4/49 (8) | 14/48 (29) | 3.57 (1.27, 10.09) | 4.63 (1.40, 15.34) | 0.008* | 5.43 (1.39, 21.20) | 0.02* |
| Eczema ever | 15/49 (31) | 15/48 (31) | 1.02 (0.56, 1.85) | 1.03 (0.44, 2.44) | 0.95 | 0.86 (0.32, 2.28) | 0.76 |
| Eczema in the last year | 7/49 (14) | 9/48 (19) | 1.31 (0.53, 3.24) | 1.39 (0.47, 4.08) | 0.55 | 1.97 (0.47, 8.27) | 0.36 |
| Atopy | 7/27 (26) | 7/32 (22) | 0.84 (0.34, 2.11) | 0.80 (0.24, 2.66) | 0.72 | 0.31 (0.05, 1.83) | 0.20 |
| Allergic rhinitis | 7/49 (14) | 4/46 (9) | 0.61 (0.19, 1.94) | 0.57 (0.16, 2.10) | 0.40 | 0.91 (0.20, 4.11) | 0.90 |
| Food allergy diagnosed | 3/49 (6) | 4/47 (9) | 1.36 (0.32, 5.78) | 1.43 (0.30, 6.75) | 0.65 | 1.31 (0.24, 7.18) | 0.76 |
| >4 URTI/year | 7/50 (14) | 9/48 (19) | 1.34 (0.54, 3.31) | 1.42 (0.48, 4.17) | 0.53 | 1.72 (0.49, 6.04) | 0.39 |
| LRTI ever | 11/50 (22) | 17/47 (36) | 1.64 (0.86, 3.14) | 2.01 (0.82, 4.92) | 0.12 | 2.87 (1.03, 8.03) | 0.05* |
| Primary health care record | |||||||
| Recurrent wheeze | 3/31 (10) | 6/34 (18) | 1.82 (0.50, 6.68) | 2.00 (0.46, 8.80) | 0.35 | 1.85 (0.36, 9.66) | 0.47 |
| Eczema | 6/31 (19) | 5/34 (15) | 0.76 (0.26, 2.24) | 0.72 (0.20, 2.64) | 0.62 | 0.63 (0.11, 3.59) | 0.60 |
| Food allergy | 2/31 (7) | 0/34 (0) | 0.0 (-, -) | - | - | - | - |
Bolus vitamin D versus control.
RR = Risk Ratio, OR = unadjusted odds ratio, aOR = adjusted odds ratio, API = Asthma predictive index, URTI = upper respiratory tract infection, LRTI = lower respiratory tract infection.
†
Model adjusted for mother’s ethnic group, presence of household smokers, maternal smoking in pregnancy, exclusive breast-feeding to four months, any parental allergic history, any child vitamin supplementation, number of children in the household, age mother left full-time education and baseline concentration of 25(OH)D in maternal blood.
*
Adjusted p-value for multiple testing non-significant at 20% level.