Table 1. Clinicopathologic characteristics and SMAD4 expression of patients with OL.
Oral leukoplakia | ||||
No. of Patient | MT(%) | UT(%) | p value | |
All patients | 88 | 22 (25.0) | 66 (75.0) | |
Age (years) | ||||
≤55 | 47 | 11 (23.4) | 36 (76.6) | 0.711 |
>55 | 41 | 11 (26.8) | 30 (73.2) | |
Sex | ||||
Male | 37 | 6 (16.2) | 31 (83.8) | 0.105 |
Female | 51 | 16 (31.4) | 35 (68.6) | |
Grade of dysplasia | ||||
High | 22 | 9 (40.9) | 13 (59.1) | 0.047 |
Low-moderate | 66 | 13 (19.7) | 53 (80.3) | |
Lesion site | ||||
Nontongue | 31 | 9 (29.0) | 22 (71.0) | 0.519 |
Tongue | 57 | 13 (22.8) | 44 (77.2) | |
Smoking | ||||
Never | 64 | 19 (29.7) | 45 (70.3) | 0.214 |
Past and present | 16 | 2 (12.5) | 14 (87.5) | |
Unknown | 8 | |||
Alcohol intake | ||||
Never | 64 | 18 (28.1) | 46 (71.9) | 0.538 |
Past and present | 17 | 3 (17.6) | 14 (82.4) | |
Unknown | 7 | |||
SMAD4 expression | ||||
Strong | 43 | 17 (39.5) | 26 (60.5) | 0.002 |
Weak | 45 | 5 (11.1) | 40 (88.9) |
Abbreviations: MT, malignant-transformed oral leukoplakia; UT: untransformed oral leukoplakia.
Bold indicates values that are statistically significant (p<0.05).