Fig. 1.

DIM-supplemented diet in TRAMP mice. a Time line: D-G1 =8 weeks of age TRAMP males were put on AIN-76A diet supplemented with 1% DIM and were killed at 24 weeks of age, D-G2 12 weeks old TRAMP males were put on AIN-76A with 1% DIM and were killed at 24 weeks of age. b Effects of DIM on the GU weights of animals treated from 8 and 12 weeks old. *p < 0.05, significantly different from the control based on Mann–Whitney U test. c Histological evaluation of the incidence of PIN and carcinoma. Control group, carcinoma/HG-PIN = 46/54%; D-G1 group, carcinoma/HG-PIN/LG-PIN = 20:20:60%; D-G2 group, HG-PIN/LG-PIN = 80:20%. (Please refer to Supplementary Table III for further detail)