Fig. 3.

Schematic depiction of the 2 × 2 design employed in the experiment. Each of the four conditions (forward masking with enumeration, forward masking with change detection, backward masking with enumeration, and backward masking with change detection) was administered to the subjects using a fully counterbalanced Latin square design. Enumeration served as an operationalization of object individuation, while change detection measured object identification. The technique of forward masking is considered to favor integration masking (Di Lollo, 1980), and backward masking with longer SOAs has an interrupting influence on visual performance (Scheerer, 1973; Scheerer & Bongartz, 1973)