Table 3.
Variables associated with sickness certifying for longer periods than actually necessary due to factors in the health care system or wait for action from other stakeholders
| |
Sickness absences issued for longer periods than necessary due to health care factors |
Sickness absences issued for longer periods than necessary due to wait for action from other stakeholders |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted ORa (99% CI) | Multivariateb OR (99% CI) | Unadjusted ORa (99% CI) | Multivariateb OR (99% CI) | ||
|
Gender |
Female |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
| |
Male |
1.06 (0.96-1.16) |
- |
1.07 (0.96-1.18) |
- |
|
Age |
– 34 |
1 |
- |
1 |
1 |
| |
35 – 44 |
0.92 (0.79-1.06) |
- |
1.47 (1.24-1.75)** |
1.26 (0.97-1.63) |
| |
45 – 54 |
1.00 (0.86-1.16) |
- |
2.09 (1.76-2.47)** |
1.48 (1.09-2.00)* |
| |
55 – 64 |
1.13 (0.98-1.30) |
- |
2.51 (2.14-2.95)** |
1.78 (1.30-2.44)** |
| |
65 – |
1.00 (0.78-1.28) |
|
2.23 (1.70-2.91)** |
2.18 (1.39-3.40)** |
|
Board certified specialist |
No |
1 |
- |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
1.00 (0.90-1.11) |
- |
1.71 (1.52-1.92)** |
1.65 (1.30-2.09)** |
|
|
Sickness certification consultations |
|
|
|
|
|
| 1-5 times a week |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
| More than 5 times a week |
2.90 (2.62-3.20)** |
1.96 (1.69-2.27)** |
2.56 (2.30-2.84)** |
1.61 (1.37-1.88)** |
|
|
Well established workplace policy |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes (Reference = no) |
1.18 (1.05-1.33)** |
0.85 (0.71-1.02) |
1.56 (1.38-1.76)** |
0.94 (0.79-1.13) |
|
|
Support from your management |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes (Reference = no) |
1.07 (0.97-1.18) |
- |
0.99 (0.89-1.10) |
- |
|
|
Frequency of the following situations related to sickness certification: |
|
|
|
|
|
| Delicate interactions with patients |
3.18 (2.94-3.45)** |
1.79 (1.62-1.98)** |
2.18 (2.05-2.32)** |
1.57 (1.44-1.71)** |
|
| Lack of time |
2.10 (1.99-2.22)** |
1.52 (1.41-1.65)** |
1.86 (1.75-1.98)** |
1.39 (1.27-1.52)** |
|
| Collaboration, referrals, and support |
2.47 (2.32-2.64)** |
1.62 (1.46-1.80)** |
2.80 (2.63-2.99)** |
1.78 (1.61-1.97)** |
|
| Need for more competence |
1.59 (1.51-1.68)** |
1.01 (0.92.-1.10) |
1.41 (1.34-1.50)** |
1.02 (0.93-1.12) |
|
|
Perceived problems regarding sickness certification: |
|
|
|
|
|
| Problems with the sickness certification guidelines |
0.88 (0.83-0.92)** |
1.07 (1.00-1.14) |
0.86 (0.82-0.90)** |
1.05 (0.98-1.12) |
|
| General problems with sickness certification |
1.87 (1.77-1.97)** |
1.17 (1.07-1.29)** |
1.62 (1.53-1.71)** |
1.04 (0.94-1.14) |
|
| Problems with assessments |
1.99 (1.88-2.10)** |
1.19 (1.06-1.34)** |
1.73 (1.63-1.83)** |
1.20 (1.05-1.36)** |
|
| Problems with patient contacts |
1.88 (1.78-1.98)** |
1.11 (0.99-1.25) |
1.57 (1.48-1.66)** |
1.10 (0.98-1.24) |
|
|
Clinic |
|
|
|
|
|
| Internal medicine |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
| Occupational health |
7.08 (5.02-10.00)** |
4.77 (2.67-8.50)** |
9.82 (7.11-13.57)** |
2.58 (1.56-4.27)** |
|
| Orthopedic |
4.82 (3.75-6.19)** |
2.53 (1.86-3.46)** |
3.23 (2.43-4.29)** |
1.52 (1.08-2.15)* |
|
| Primary health care |
4.74 (3.99-5.63)** |
1.85 (1.45-2.35)** |
7.32 (5.84-9.17)** |
2.43 (1.81-3.26)** |
|
| Psychiatry |
2.62 (2.10-3.27)** |
1.04 (0.77-1.41) |
5.38 (4.12-7.03)** |
1.93 (1.37-2.73)** |
|
| Neurology |
2.12 (2.10-3.27)** |
1.25 (0.78-2.00) |
3.30 (2.15-5.07)** |
2.00 (1.20-3.36)* |
|
| Rheumatology |
1.80 (1.19-2.72)** |
0.97 (0.58-1.61) |
4.16 (2.65-6.55)** |
1.90 (1.09-3.32)* |
|
| Pain |
1.18 (0.62-2.26) |
0.81 (0.32-2.04) |
2.43 (1.16-5.07)* |
0.70 (0.24-2.11) |
|
| Rehabilitation |
1.09 (0.69-1.71) |
0.39 (0.21-0.72)** |
3.27 (1.99-5.38)** |
0.86 (0.44-1.66) |
|
| Surgery |
0.78 (0.63-0.97)* |
0.91 (0.69-1.19) |
0.44 (0.30-0.64)** |
0.52 (0.34-0.81)** |
|
| Gynecology |
0.69 (0.53-0.89)** |
0.50 (0.36-0.70)** |
0.80 (0.55-1.16) |
0.61 (0.38-0.96)* |
|
| Infection |
0.51 (0.34-0.76)** |
0.55 (0.34-0.90)* |
0.51 (0.26-0.98)* |
0.48 (0.21-1.10) |
|
| Oncology |
0.50 (0.34-0.72)** |
0.53 (0.34-0.84)** |
0.48 (0.26-0.91)* |
0.54 (0.26-1.10) |
|
| Child and youth |
0.47 (0.25-0.88)* |
0.60 (0.27-1.35) |
0.65 (0.26-1.64) |
0.75 (0.26-2.14) |
|
| Ear, nose and throat |
0.44 (0.31-0.63)* |
0.47 (0.30-0.74)** |
0.60 (0.34-1.03) |
0.52 (0.26-1.02) |
|
| Dermatology |
0.44 (0.18-1.06) |
0.35 (0.11-1.14) |
0.92 (0.29-2.86) |
1.21 (0.34-4.32) |
|
| Eye | 0.39 (0.19-0.80)** | 0.45 (0.18-1.16) | 1.10 (0.48-2.52) | 1.75 (0.67-4.56) | |
a OR denotes odds ratio; CI denotes confidence interval. b The multivariable analysis was performed by simultaneously entering into the model all variables that were significantly associated with the dependent variable. * = Significant at p < 0.01; ** = Significant at p < 0.001.