Table 2.
Summary of participants' baseline characteristics in the reviewed studies.
| Group | Look AHEAD trial | VADT | ACCORD trial | ADVANCE trial | UKPDS 38 trial | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ILI | DSE | Standard therapy | Intensive therapy | Intensive therapy | Standard therapy | Intensive control | Standard control | Intensive therapy | Moderate therapy | |
| Subjects (n) | 2570 | 2575 | 899 | 892 | 5128 | 5123 | 5571 | 5569 | 758 | 390 |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 58.6 ± 6.8 | 58.9 ± 6.9 | 60.3 ± 9.0 | 60.5 ± 9.0 | 62.2 ± 6.8 | 62.2 ± 6.8 | 66 ± 6 | 66 ± 6 | 56.4 ± 8.1 | 56.5 ± 8.1 |
| Male (n) | 1044 | 1038 | 873 | 866 | 3143 | 3156 | 3195 | 3212 | 410 | 227 |
| Female (n) | 1526 | 1537 | 26 | 26 | 1985 | 1967 | 2376 | 2357 | 348 | 163 |
| Average HbA1c (%) | 7.25 ± 1.14 | 7.31 ± 1.20 | 9.4 ± 2.0 | 9.4 ± 2.0 | 8.3 ± 1.1 | 8.3 ± 1.1 | 7.51 ± 1.57 | 7.52 ± 1.54 | 6.9 ± 1.7 | 6.8 ± 1.5 |
| Weight (mean ± SD) | F 94.8 ± 17.9 M 108.9 ± 19.0 |
F 95.4 ± 17.3 M 109.0 ± 18.0 |
214 ± 36 | 214 ± 36 | 93.5 ± 18.7 | 93.6 ± 18.7 | 78.2 ± 16.8 | 78.0 ± 16.8 | ||
| BMI (mean ± SD) | F 36.3 ± 6.2 M 35.3 ± 5.7 |
F 36.6 ± 6.0 M 35.1 ± 5.2 |
31.2 ± 4.0 | 31.3 ± 3.0 | 32.2 ± 5.5 | 32.2 ± 5.5 | 28 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | 29.8 ± 5.5 | 29.3 ± 5.5 |
| Systolic BP (mean ± SD) | 128.1 ± 17.3 | 129.45 ± 17.1 | 132 ± 17 | 131 ± 17 | 136.2 ± 16.9 | 136.4 ± 17.2 | 145.0 ± 21.7 | 145.0 ± 21.4 | 159 ± 20 | 160 ± 18 |
| Diastolic BP (mean ± SD) | 69.69 ± 9.55 | 70.4 ± 9.72 | 76 ± 10 | 76 ± 10 | 74.8 ± 10.6 | 75.0 ± 10.7 | 80.8 ± 11.0 | 80.5 ± 10.8 | 94 ± 10 | 94 ± 9 |
ILI represents intensive lifestyle intervention; DSE represents diabetes support and education (conventional management); M and F represent males and females, respectively. Data are presented as (n) or mean ± standard deviation (SD).