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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 25.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Immunol. 2007 Oct 24;28(2):174–185. doi: 10.1007/s10875-007-9140-9

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Addition of pro-inflammatory cytokines to rickettsiae-infected SV-HCEC enhanced rickettsiae-induced permeability. Cells were infected with 10 MOI of R. rickettsii and stimulated with varying concentration of IL-1β (a) or TNF-α (b) or 0.1 ng/ml of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in combination with and without rickettsiae (c). Data is presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *p<0.05 compared to R. rickettsii-infected cells.