Table 3. Association of Potential Confounding Factors with TCAM Scores.
| TCAM Fluency Standard Score |
TCAM Originality Standard Score |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | N | Mean (SD) | P-Value | Mean (SD) | P-Value |
| Across Drug Groups | 42 | 91.9 (16.4) | 0.0006† | 97.3 (15.8) | 0.14† |
| Gender | 0.53 | 0.78 | |||
| 1 | 23 | 92.7 (14.7) | 97.9 (15.8) | ||
| 2 | 18 | 91.0 (18.7) | 96.5 (16.1) | ||
| Breast Feeding | 0.08 | 0.05 * | |||
| Missing | 3 | 79.0 (14.1) | 85.5 (4.9) | ||
| None | 23 | 88.1 (15.8) | 93.7 (13.7) | ||
| Any | 16 | 97.3 (15.4) | 103.9 (17.4) | ||
| Pregnancy Vitamins | 0.40 | 0.58 | |||
| Missing | 3 | 79.0 (14.1) | 85.5 (4.9) | ||
| No Folate | 10 | 87.7 (16.8) | 95.5 (16.9) | ||
| Folate Alone | 5 | 99.8 (19.9) | 104.6 (16.5) | ||
| Prenatal with Folate | 24 | 92.0 (15.0) | 97.5 (15.7) | ||
| Pregnancy Risks | 0.90 | 0.88 | |||
| None | 12 | 94.0 (11.3) | 98.5 (13.2) | ||
| Not of Concern | 8 | 90.3 (19.7) | 99.3 (18.2) | ||
| 1 of Concern | 15 | 91.2 (17.8) | 97.3 (18.0) | ||
| >1 of Concern | 7 | 88.1 (16.9) | 93.0 (13.9) | ||
| Seizure Type | 0.82 | 0.99 | |||
| Partial | 26 | 90.2 (15.6) | 97.0 (16.7) | ||
| General | 14 | 92.5 (18.4) | 97.7 (15.6) | ||
| GTCS | 2 | 96.5 (2.1) | 98.5 (4.9) | ||
| Maternal IQ (WAIS) | 0.09 | 0.07 | |||
| <100 | 13 | 86.5 (15.3) | 92.8 (12.1) | ||
| ≥100 | 28 | 93.4 (16.2) | 99.4 (17.0) | ||
| DAS - GCA | 0.03 * | 0.02 * | |||
| Low (<100) | 14 | 89.1 (18.1) | 94.7 (16.3) | ||
| High (≥100) | 22 | 94.7 (16.3) | 100.0 (14.7) | ||
P-value for “across drug groups” tests whether the pooled mean for all exposure groups is less than 100, the standardized population mean for this behavioral measure. In this sample, across fetal exposure groups, ability to generate quantity (fluency) of ideas, but not quality of ideas (originality) is significantly lower than the normative sample (TCAM fluency mean=91.9, SD=16.4, p=.0006). All variables, highlighted in gray, are treated as potential confounding factors. The p-values for these variable are based on regression analyses that indicte whether a variable (or its levels) is associated with a difference in TCAM outcome, not including missing values.
An asterisk indicates this difference is significant at the 0.05 level. The “level” or subgrouping for each variable is presented with TCAM mean and standard deviation.