Table 1.

Characteristics of included consolidation studies

Study	Materials	Participants, propranolol:placebo	Sex, %		Age, mean (SD) [range] yr	Study protocol	Outcome measures
			Male	Female
Cahill et al.11	Emotional slide story	11:8	47	53	27.4 (27.6)	40 mg 60 min before encoding	% recognition story phase 2
van Stegeren et al.40	Emotional slide story	14:13	31	69	Undergraduates	40 mg 60 min before encoding	% recognition story phase 2
O’Carroll et al.19	Emotional slide story	12:12	17	83	21.4 (2.45)	40 mg 60 min before encoding	% recognition story phase 2
Reist et al.27	Emotional slide story	5:5	100		44.45 (8.08)	40 mg 60–90 min before encoding	% recognition phase 2
Reist et al.27*	Emotional slide story	5:4	100		50.53 (8.5)	40 mg 60–90 min before encoding	% recognition story phase 2
van Stegeren et al.37	Emotional slide story	15:15	23	77	22.65	40 mg immediately before encoding	% recognition story phase 2
Maheu et al.41 experiment 1	Emotional slide story	11:13	100		[19–36]	40 mg 65 min before encoding	% free recall story phase 2
Maheu et al.41 experiment 2	Emotional slide story	14:13	100		[20–34]	80 mg 90 min before encoding	% free recall story phase 2
Strange and Dolan42	Emotionally valenced words	12:12	50	50	[20–39]	40 mg 90 min before encoding; memory test 10 h later	% recognition word list
Grillon et al.43†	Fear conditioning	15:15	46	53	29 (2.8)	40 mg 60 min before conditioning	Retention fear conditioning
van Stegeren et al.38	Emotionally valenced pictures; crossover design	28:28	50	50	20.93 (2.38)	80 mg 90 min before encoding; memory test 2 wk later	% recognition pictures
Weymar et al.44	Emotionally valenced pictures	23:23	100		[19–31]	80 mg 90 min before encoding	% recognition pictures

SD = standard deviation.

^*Posttraumatic stress disorder population; data excluded from statistical analysis.

^†Data excluded from statistical analysis.