Figure 2.

Development of the cerebellum from the rhombencephalic alar plate from early stages to adulthood. (A–E) Cerebellar morphology/anatomy at different stages of development. The cerebellar folia development is showed from E11.5 onwards identifying the corresponding folia primordia bulges as color code lines from rostral to caudal (see also Sudarov and Joyner, 2007). Tangential migration from the rhombic lip (RL) is indicated as a green arrow corresponding to excitatory granule precursor cells that are specified by the expression of Math1 (K). These cells build up the external granule cell layer and from neonatal stages to P14, they descend radially forming the internal granule cell layer (GCL) located below Purkinje cell layer (PCL). The red arrows highlight the radial migration of cells originating from the ventricular zone (VZ). This is where Purkinje cells (PCs) and GABAergic cells of the cerebellum are born and specified by the early expression of Ptf1a (K); see also Dastjerdi et al. (2012). (F–U) Represent in situ hybridizations (ISH) of corresponding markers for each cerebellar cell type. Pax6 labeling granule cells (F–J). From (H) to (J) the insert shows the position of Pax6-positive cells at the EGL and later on, in the GCL (J). In the same manner (L–P) represent Calbindin (Calb1) showing the early location of PCs and their migration from the VZ to the final Purkinje cell monolayer, PCL (see also Sotelo, 2004). (Q–U) shows the expression pattern of Gdf10 (a marker for Bergmann glial cells) by means of ISH during cerebellar development. (V) Here we show the expression of Gdf10 in Bergmann glial cells in adult mice, together with Calbindin- positive Purkinje cells. (K) represents the molecular specification of the different cell types (excitatory vs. inhibitory) in the cerebellum including the two germinal centers ventricular zone (VZ) and rhombic lip (RL). Panels (F–J) and (L,M) were taken from Allen Institute for Brain Science public resources (http://www.brain-map.org/).