Table 3.

Therapeutic approach to colorectal cancer using natural compounds

Agent	Cells	Target	Reference
Curcumin	SW480	NF-κB, c-myc, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, CD31	[174]
Deguelin	COLO 205	Ki-67, NF-κB, VEGF	[50]
Guggulsterone	HT-29	Bcl-2	[81]
Plumbagin	HCT116	von Willebrand Factor	[175]
Silibinin	SW480	β-Catenin, GSK3β, cyclin D1, c-myc, survivin, VEGF, iNOS	[128]
Thymoquinone	HCT116	Ki-67	[139]
Ursolic acid	HCT116	NF-κB, STAT3, β-catenin, EGFR, CD31, p53, p21, Ki-67, Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, cFLIP, survivin, cyclin D1, MMP-9, VEGF, ICAM1	[140]
Resveratrol	HT-29	p21, PCNA	[176]

COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; EGFR, Epidermal growth factor receptor; ERK, extracelluar signal-regulated kinases; GSK-3β, Glycogen synthase kinase-3β; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappaB; ICAM, intracellular cell adhesion molecule; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor