Table 4.
Bivariate Relationships Between Physical Performance Measures and Select Resident and Facility Characteristicsa
| Resident Variables | Grip Strength | Walk Speed | Repeated Chair Rise | Balance (tandem) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Able (14+ kg) | Able (10+ kg) | Able (≥0.6 m/sec) | Able (5 times) | Able (1-10 sec) | |
| Percent able | 45.0% | 66.9% | 11.3% | 26.2% | 19.2% |
| Age (85 ≥) | 0.41*** (0.34 – 0.49) | 0.62*** (0.50 – 0.75) | 0.43*** (0.32 – 0.58) | 0.50*** (0.41 – 0.62) | 0.55*** (0.43 – 0.72) |
| Gender (male) | 4.70*** (3.70 – 5.96) | 3.59*** (2.69 – 4.80) | 1.42+ (0.98 – 2.05) | 1.22+ (0.97 – 1.56) | 1.11 (0.84 – 1.45) |
| Race (white) | 0.66* (0.47 – 0.92) | 0.82 (0.58 – 1.17) | 0.83 (0.51 – 1.37) | 0.91 (0.64 – 1.31) | 0.82 (0.55 – 1.23) |
| Comorbidity (5 ≥) | 1.22* (1.01 – 1.50) | 1.35** (1.10 – 1.66) | 0.70* (0.50 – 0.99) | 0.59*** (0.47 – 0.74) | 0.71** (0.55 – 0.91) |
| Independence in ADLs | 2.97*** (2.38 – 3.70) | 3.61*** (2.83 – 4.61) | 4.37*** (2.91 – 6.55) | 4.23*** (3.21 – 5.58) | 4.51*** (3.28 – 6.20) |
| Cognition (MDS-COGS) | |||||
| Intact (0-1) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref)) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
| Mildly impaired (2-4) | 0.87 (0.71 – 1.07) | 0.80+ (0.63 – 1.01) | 0.84 (0.60 – 1.18) | 0.96 (0.77 – 1.21) | 0.89 (0.68 – 1.17) |
| Moderately impaired (5-8) | 0.37*** (0.27 – 0.50) | 0.30*** (0.23 – 0.39) | 0.35*** (0.20 – 0.61) | 0.62** (0.45 – 0.86) | 0.40*** (0.26 – 0.60) |
| Severely impaired (9-10) | 0.10*** (0.04 – 0.23) | 0.06*** (0.03 – 0.12) | 0.13** (0.04 – 0.46) | 0.13*** (0.04 – 0.38) | 0.10*** (0.03 – 0.29) |
| Depressed (7 ≥ CSD-D) | 0.77+ (0.58 – 1.03) | 0.62*** (0.47 – 0.82) | 0.68 (0.42 – 1.09) | 0.58** (0.41 – 0.81) | 0.72 (0.49 – 1.08) |
| Facility Variables | |||||
| Facility Type | |||||
| < 16 beds | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
| Traditional | 1.45* (1.05 – 1.98) | 1.60** (1.14 – 2.25) | 1.16 (0.72 – 1.88) | 0.92 (0.65 – 1.30) | 0.77 (0.50 – 1.18) |
| New-model | 1.12 (0.82 -– 1.54) | 1.12 (0.80 – 1.58) | 1.19 (0.73 – 1.96) | 0.82 (0.59 – 1.12) | 1.09 (0.71- 1.66) |
| For-profit ownership | 1.06 (0.76 – 1.49) | 0.72+ (0.49 – 1.06) | 0.62* (0.39 – 0.98) | 0.91 (0.64 – 1.30) | 0.79 (0.52 – 1.19) |
| Have an RN or LPN | 0.99 (0.74) | 1.03 (0.75 – 1.41) | 0.92 (0.58 – 1.47) | 0.91 (0.65 – 1.26) | 1.00 (0.66 – 1.53) |
| Higher AL-EQS (18-26 vs 5-17) | 0.92 (0.69 – 1.22) | 1.01 (0.74 – 1.38) | 1.13 (0.76 – 1.70) | 0.99 (0.75 – 1.30) | 1.11 (0.75 – 1.63) |
a
N=1791. Results show odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, calculated using logistic regression, controlling for within facility clustering.
***
p<.001
**
p<.01
*
p<.05
+
p<.10. Sec = seconds