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. 2013 Jun 12;2013:102918. doi: 10.1155/2013/102918

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effect of GSC extract on the mRNA expression of MMP-3 and -9 in the colon tissue of mice with DSS-induced colitis and in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. ((a), (b)) Levels of MMP-3 and -9 mRNA in colon tissue were determined by quantitative ΔΔCT Real-time-PCR, using GAPDH mRNA as the internal control. The graph shown is representative of three independent experiments (# P < 0.01, ## P < 0.001 versus control; *P < 0.01, **P < 0.001 versus DSS). (c) MMP-9 mRNA levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were measured by Real-Time-PCR. Cells were incubated for 5 h with 1 μg/mL of LPS in the absence or presence of GSC extract. GSC extract was added 1 h before the incubation with LPS. GAPDH was used as the internal control. Data are expressed as fold change in mRNA transcript levels relative to the LPS-stimulated control. (d) Zymographic image of cell lysates of LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages after preincubation with GSC extract.