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. 2013 Jun 12;2013:102918. doi: 10.1155/2013/102918

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effect of GSC extract on the level of TNF-α and iNOS mRNA expression and NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. ((a), (b)) Levels of TNF-α and iNOS mRNA were determined by quantitative ΔΔCT Real-Time-PCR, using GAPDH mRNA as the internal control. The graph shown is representative of three independent experiments (# P < 0.05, ## P < 0.001 versus control; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001 versus DSS). (c) NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. (d) RAW264.7 cell viability. One-way ANOVA was used for comparisons of multiple group means, followed by Dunnett's t-test (# P < 0.001 versus control; *P < 0.01, **P < 0.001 versus LPS). LPS: lipopolysaccharide. The graph shown is representative of three independent experiments.