Table 3.
Summary of studies on the effects of oral disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) levels.
| Author (reference) | Year | Disease duration | Treatment | Study length | Effect of DMARD on ACPA level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mikuls 38 | 2004 | Study 1 | Study 1 | 13·7 ± 8·6 months | Reduced anti-CCP level in disease duration ≤ 12 months |
| <1 year | MTX versus HCQ/SSZ | ||||
| Study 2 | Study 2 | ||||
| <1 year | Minocycline versus placebo | ||||
| Study 3 | Study 3 | ||||
| 52·4 ± 82·4 months | Minocycline versus HCQ | ||||
| Atzeni 43 | 2006 | 6–8 years | MTX versus MTX + adalimumab | 6 months for MTX group (stable clinical course of the disease) | No effect on APCA in MTX group |
| Chen 44 | 2006 | 8–9·5 years | MTX versus MTX + etanercept | 24 weeks | No significant reduction in anti-CCP levels in MTX group |
ACPA: anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies; MTX: methotrexate; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; SSZ: sulfasalazine.