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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 27.
Published in final edited form as: Cardiol Clin. 2011 Aug;29(3):461–477. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2011.06.002

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

The components of the LV stroke volume response during exercise, LVEF, end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume, and LV filling pressure are shown in panels A-D. Not shown are systolic and mean arterial pressures, which were not different between groups. The key is the same as in Fig. 4. (From Kitzman DW, Higginbotham MB, Cobb FR, et al. Exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic function: failure of the Frank-Starling mechanism. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17:1065-72; with permission. Copyright © 1991, American College of Cardiology.)