Table 5.
Health Status and Access to Health Care by Age, Stratified by CKD Stage
| Variables | CKD Stages 1–2a
|
CKD Stage 3b
|
CKD Stages 4–5 c
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age <65 y | Age ≥65 y | P | Age <65 y | Age ≥65 y | P | Age <65 y | Age ≥65 y | P | |
| No. | 7,232 | 2,850 | 5,044 | 11,640 | 345 | 816 | |||
| CKD awareness | 1,700 (23.5) | 540 (18.9) | <0.001 | 1,341 (26.6) | 2,418 (20.8) | <0.001 | 231 (67.0) | 381 (46.7) | <0.001 |
| Self-rated health status | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Excellent | 199 (2.8) | 87 (3.1) | 148 (2.9) | 345 (3.0) | 4 (1.2) | 15 (1.8) | |||
| Good or very good | 3,048 (42.1) | 1,318 (46.2) | 2,131 (42.2) | 5,815 (50.0) | 100 (29.0) | 291 (35.7) | |||
| Fair | 1,426 (19.7) | 587 (20.6) | 1,012 (20.1) | 2,366 (20.3) | 90 (26.1) | 211 (25.9) | |||
| Poor | 321 (4.4) | 91 (3.2) | 224 (4.4) | 340 (2.9) | 47 (13.6) | 53 (6.5) | |||
| Most recent physician visit | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Within last y | 5,988 (82.8) | 2,707 (95.0) | 4,496 (89.1) | 11,152 (95.8) | 316 (91.6) | 787 (96.4) | |||
| 1–2 y ago | 699 (9.7) | 72 (2.5) | 327 (6.5) | 274 (2.4) | 10 (2.9) | 11 (1.3) | |||
| >2 y ago | 434 (6.0) | 37 (1.3) | 164 (3.3) | 82 (0.7) | 15 (4.3) | 5 (0.6) | |||
| Difficulty obtaining medical care | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Extremely | 502 (6.9) | 35 (1.2) | 264 (5.2) | 111 (1.0) | 34 (9.9) | 9 (1.1) | |||
| Somewhat or moderately | 1,060 (14.7) | 213 (7.5) | 620 (12.3) | 763 (6.6) | 66 (19.1) | 52 (6.4) | |||
| Not very | 1,003 (13.9) | 461 (16.2) | 712 (14.1) | 1,889 (16.2) | 50 (14.5) | 117 (14.3) | |||
| Not difficult | 2,388 (33.0) | 1,366 (47.9) | 1,897 (37.6) | 6,070 (52.1) | 88 (25.5) | 388 (47.5) | |||
| Type of physician | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Generalist only | 3,070 (42.5) | 1,307 (45.9) | 2,208 (43.8) | 5,215 (44.8) | 104 (30.1) | 318 (39.0) | |||
| Nephrologist only | 24 (0.3) | 5 (0.2) | 26 (0.5) | 17 (0.1) | 16 (4.6) | 9 (1.1) | |||
| Generalist and nephrologist | 167 (2.3) | 69 (2.4) | 294 (5.8) | 643 (5.5) | 99 (28.7) | 193 (23.7) | |||
| Other specialistd | 1,619 (22.4) | 1,048 (36.8) | 1,338 (26.5) | 4,340 (37.3) | 60 (17.4) | 216 (26.5) | |||
| Other care providerse | 1,232 (17.0) | 237 (8.3) | 683 (13.5) | 890 (7.6) | 20 (5.8) | 33 (4.0) | |||
| None | 1,120 (15.5) | 184 (6.5) | 495 (9.8) | 535 (4.6) | 46 (13.3) | 47 (5.8) | |||
| Insurance coverage | 4,761 (65.8) | 2,599 (91.2) | <0.001 | 3,710 (73.6) | 10,770 (92.5) | <0.001 | 231 (67.0) | 756 (92.6) | <0.001 |
| Medications coverage | 3,030 (41.9) | 1,755 (61.6) | <0.001 | 2,395 (47.5) | 7,583 (65.1) | <0.001 | 134 (38.8) | 480 (58.8) | <0.001 |
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, data are presented as number (percentage).
Abbreviation: CKD, chronic kidney disease.
Numbers of missing values: awareness of CKD, 39; self-rated health status, 3,005; most recent physician visit, 145; difficulty obtaining medical care, 3,054; insurance status, 362; and medication coverage, 3,301.
Numbers of missing values: awareness of CKD, 71; self-rated health status, 4,303; most recent physician visit, 189; difficulty obtaining medical care, 4,358; insurance status, 740; and medication coverage, 4,775.
Numbers of missing values: awareness of CKD, 7; self-rated health status, 350; most recent physician visit, 17; difficulty obtaining medical care, 357; insurance status, 50; and medication coverage, 389.
Cardiologist or endocrinologist.
Obstetrician/gynecologist, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant.