Table 2.
Number of Cases and Median Nutrient Intake (Range) for Each Sex. Odds Ratios With 95% Confidence Interval for Pancreatic Cancer Risk Generated by Constructing Quintiles of Intakes Based on Controls Within Each Sex.
| Quintile | Trend p-val* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
| Magnesium (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 120 (65/55) | 89 (53/36) | 59 (27/32) | 72 (50/22) | 44 (26/18) | <.0001 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.76 (0.53,1.08) | 0.50 (0.34,0.73) | 0.61 (0.42,0.89) | 0.30 (0.19,0.46) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 149.6 (46.82–164.82) | 178.26 (164.84–189.14) | 197.59 (189.21–205.39) | 218.39 (205.53–233.97) | 254.44 (234.32–430.5) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 159.75 (64.39–178.02) | 188.12 (178.21–197.87) | 209 (198.08–221.27) | 231.05 (221.39–242.7) | 262.66 (242.77–629.09) | |
| Potassium (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 103 (59/44) | 90 (44/46) | 67 (36/31) | 74 (50/24) | 50 (32/18) | <.0001 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.91 (0.63,1.30) | 0.63 (0.43,0.92) | 0.65 (0.44,0.95) | 0.36 (0.23,0.55) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 1428.95 (371.38–1573.24) | 1685.2 (1573.85–1782.51) | 1874.53 (1783.26–1956.03) | 2062.73 (1958.1– 2234.83) | 2466.87 (2236.52–4401.3) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 1541.74 (546.56–1694.34) | 1804.99 (1699.29–1923.37) | 2031.48 (1923.8– 2146.08) | 2242.12 (2148.12–2390.96) | 2589.44 (2395.28–6246.06) | |
| Selenium (mcg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 117 (68/49) | 73 (47/26) | 69 (42/27) | 49 (22/27) | 76 (42/34) | 0.005 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.66 (0.46,0.96) | 0.60 (0.42,0.88) | 0.45 (0.30,0.68) | 0.65 (0.45,0.95) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 42.1 (21.01–46.58) | 49.55 (46.63–51.72) | 54.41 (51.76–57.11) | 59.14 (57.11–61.96) | 66.45 (62.05–87.9) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 41.18 (19.58–45.39) | 48.04 (45.43–50.32) | 52.47 (50.35–54.25) | 56.35 (54.31–59.06) | 64.14 (59.1–88.66) | |
| Alpha-Carotene (mcg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 115 (65/50) | 89 (57/32) | 68 (35/33) | 56 (32/24) | 56 (32/24) | 0.0002 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.74 (0.52,1.05) | 0.61 (0.42,0.89) | 0.51 (0.35,0.76) | 0.52 (0.35,0.77) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 119.57 (14.99–163.08) | 199.67 (163.43–244.31) | 280.16 (244.37–322.05) | 386.08 (322.39–464.26) | 591.75 (466.3–1640.25) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 171.33 (38.98–213.55) | 253.38 (213.87–295.96) | 358.32 (296.26–415.51) | 502.43 (417.64–616.4) | 756.7 (616.91–4298.54) | |
| Beta-Carotene (mcg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 116 (69/47) | 96 (62/34) | 62 (29/33) | 66 (37/29) | 44 (24/20) | <.0001 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.83 (0.59,1.18) | 0.55 (0.38,0.81) | 0.60 (0.41,0.88) | 0.42 (0.28,0.63) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 633.56 (96.53–786.75) | 974.9 (787.43–1130.49) | 1272.27 (1131.92–1436.65) | 1750.77 (1438.54–2068.35) | 2665.65 (2072.85–13001.63 | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 858.26 (325.73–1055.86) | 1240.34 (1057.23–1384.12) | 1635.69 (1387.77–1817.68) | 2108.66 (1818.52–2525.26) | 3411.53 (2533.31–11628.02 | |
| Beta-Cryptoxanthin (mcg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 113 (59/54) | 71 (50/21) | 67 (37/30) | 70 (40/30) | 63 (35/28) | 0.01 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.66 (0.45,0.96) | 0.72 (0.49,1.05) | 0.68 (0.46,0.99) | 0.55 (0.37,0.82) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 28.33 (4.32–37.57) | 46.9 (37.64–60.71) | 72.99 (60.75–87.98) | 105.73 (88.21–125.78) | 152.38 (125.9–462.23) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 41.17 (4.52–53.94) | 66.77 (54.17–78.37) | 92.95 (78.92–107.82) | 125.14 (108.73–149.71) | 185.48 (150.31–501.81) | |
| Lutein and Zeaxanthin (mcg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 112 (64/48) | 95 (57/38) | 70 (45/25) | 61 (27/34) | 46 (28/18) | <.0001 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.90 (0.63,1.28) | 0.70 (0.48,1.02) | 0.59 (0.40,0.86) | 0.46 (0.31,0.70) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 536.59 (67.23–656.04) | 747.34 (656.17–877.85) | 981.68 (880.28–1142.48) | 1294.46 (1145.8–1628.47) | 2323.18 (1628.52–15073.02 | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 674.23 (229.75–807.03) | 914.44 (808.5–1031.48) | 1138.82 (1035.63–1285.24) | 1482.81 (1286.54–1841.91) | 2692.03 (1842.56–15270.64 | |
| Lycopene (mcg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 80 (41/39) | 77 (45/32) | 84 (54/30) | 79 (52/27) | 64 (29/35) | 0.24 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.03 (0.70,1.51) | 1.10 (0.75,1.62) | 1.04 (0.71,1.54) | 0.76 (0.51,1.13) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 1459.42 (352.79–1806.11) | 2152.15 (1806.35–2466.99) | 2843.29 (2469.69–3225.06) | 3773.27 (3226.49–4764.45) | 7021.8 (4774.28–59722.11) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 1662.35 (603.88–2053.85) | 2358.49 (2060.72–2676.34) | 3061.57 (2678.27–3389.31) | 3825.05 (3393.41–4621.12) | 6434.63 (4638.99–36818.75 | |
| Niacin (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 97 (52/45) | 96 (56/40) | 51 (29/22) | 82 (53/29) | 58 (31/27) | 0.0005 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.98 (0.68,1.41) | 0.50 (0.33,0.75) | 0.75 (0.52,1.09) | 0.52 (0.35,0.77) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 9.78 (3.36–10.66) | 11.47 (10.67–12.07) | 12.66 (12.09–13.29) | 14.17 (13.29–15.35) | 16.85 (15.35–37.11) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 9.97 (6.61–10.88) | 11.59 (10.9–12.19) | 12.71 (12.19–13.54) | 14.36 (13.54–15.39) | 16.93 (15.4–40.08) | |
| Thiamin (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 99 (60/39) | 76 (43/33) | 64 (36/28) | 78 (39/39) | 67 (43/24) | 0.08 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.80 (0.55,1.16) | 0.70 (0.48,1.04) | 0.81 (0.55,1.20) | 0.66 (0.44,0.99) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 0.66 (0.23–0.72) | 0.77 (0.72–0.81) | 0.84 (0.81–0.88) | 0.93 (0.88–0.99) | 1.12 (0.99–2.5) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 0.7 (0.21–0.76) | 0.82 (0.76–0.86) | 0.89 (0.86–0.93) | 0.98 (0.93–1.05) | 1.17 (1.05–2.76) | |
| Total Alpha-Tocopherol (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 101 (67/34) | 83 (46/37) | 83 (48/35) | 69 (34/35) | 48 (26/22) | 0.004 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.81 (0.56,1.18) | 0.95 (0.65,1.37) | 0.76 (0.52,1.11) | 0.52 (0.34,0.79) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 2.78 (0.6–3.08) | 3.3 (3.08–3.54) | 3.81 (3.54–4.15) | 4.48 (4.15–5) | 5.9 (5–18.46) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 3.04 (1.29–3.39) | 3.71 (3.41–4.03) | 4.42 (4.04–4.83) | 5.46 (4.83–6.29) | 7.81 (6.3–20.83) | |
| Total Vitamin A Activity (mcg RAE/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 108 (61/47) | 73 (44/29) | 58 (39/19) | 83 (38/45) | 62 (39/23) | 0.03 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.66 (0.45,0.96) | 0.59 (0.40,0.87) | 0.82 (0.57,1.18) | 0.55 (0.37,0.81) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 247.04 (69.08–289.87) | 322.46 (290.56–350.48) | 379.04 (351.06–410.39) | 441.05 (410.77–491.25) | 580.14 (491.54–1491.48) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 261.64 (76.67–318.08) | 363.06 (319.02–392.67) | 429.54 (392.93–453.18) | 493.64 (453.46–547.76) | 623.54 (548.75–1284.03) | |
| Vitamin B6 (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 121 (73/48) | 67 (40/27) | 74 (42/32) | 60 (37/23) | 62 (29/33) | 0.0005 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.55 (0.38,0.80) | 0.63 (0.44,0.91) | 0.49 (0.33,0.72) | 0.49 (0.33,0.72) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 0.83 (0.26–0.93) | 0.98 (0.93–1.04) | 1.1 (1.04–1.18) | 1.26 (1.18–1.35) | 1.5 (1.35–3.71) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 0.86 (0.41–0.99) | 1.06 (0.99–1.12) | 1.18 (1.12–1.26) | 1.34 (1.26–1.42) | 1.61 (1.42–3.81) | |
| Vitamin C (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Cases (M/F) | 108 (65/43) | 84 (54/30) | 77 (44/33) | 57 (26/31) | 58 (32/26) | 0.0001 |
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.83 (0.57,1.19) | 0.73 (0.50,1.07) | 0.53 (0.36,0.80) | 0.51 (0.34,0.76) | |
| Males: Median (Range) | 32.79 (8.14–42.79) | 51.7 (42.84–59.53) | 68.09 (59.62–77.09) | 86.98 (77.14–99.02) | 116.58 (99.18–301.49) | |
| Female: Median (Range) | 40.95 (11.82–52.32) | 59.37 (52.36–68.72) | 78.29 (69.35–87.49) | 100.02 (87.95–114.75) | 140.55 (115.07–284.64) | |
g = grams; svg = servings; kcal = kilocalories; mg = milligrams; mcg = micrograms
*
Using a logistic model adjusted for energy, smoking, BMI, age, sex, and drinks of alcohol per week