Table. Abnormalities in metabolic measures overall and according to type of ARV received at the time of specimen collection.
| Metabolic measure | Overall (n=249) | Type of Antiretroviral Received at the Time of Specimen Collection | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| PI-containing regimen (n=90) | NNRTI-containing regimen (n=35) | Other ARVs (n=38) | No ARVs (n=86) | Unadjusted1 | Adjusted2 | ||
|
| |||||||
| Fasting glucose: (mg/dL) | |||||||
| <110 (normal) | 248 (99.6) | 90 (100) | 35 (100) | 38 (100) | 85 (98.8) | .64 | NA |
| ≥110 to <126 (impaired) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| ≥126 (diabetic) | 1 (0.4) | -- | -- | -- | 1 (1.2) | ||
|
| |||||||
| HOMA-IR: | |||||||
| Abnormal3 | 17 (6.8) | 6 (6.7) | 1 (2.9) | 3 (7.9) | 7 (8.1) | .78 | .71 |
| Normal | 232 (93.2) | 84 (93.3) | 34 (97.1) | 35 (92.1) | 79 (91.9) | ||
|
| |||||||
| Total cholesterol: (mg/dL) | |||||||
| >200 (abnormal) | 31 (12.7) | 16 (17.8) | 1 (3.0) | 9 (23.7) | 5 (6.0) | .015 | .19 |
| ≤200 (normal) | 213 (87.3) | 74 (82.2) | 32 (97.0) | 29 (76.3) | 78 (94.0) | ||
|
| |||||||
| HDL cholesterol: (mg/dL) | |||||||
| <35 (abnormal) | 51 (21.4) | 13 (15.5) | 3 (9.1) | 3 (7.9) | 32 (38.6) | <.001 | .14 |
| ≥35 (normal) | 187 (78.6) | 71 (84.5) | 30 (90.9) | 35 (92.1) | 51 (61.4) | ||
|
| |||||||
| LDL cholesterol: (mg/dL) | |||||||
| >130 (abnormal) | 31 (13.0) | 14 (16.7) | 4 (12.1) | 8 (21.1) | 5 (6.0) | .10 | .82 |
| ≤130 (normal) | 207 (87.0) | 70 (83.3) | 29 (87.9) | 30 (78.9) | 78 (94.0) | ||
|
| |||||||
| Triglycerides: (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Abnormal4 | 82 (33.6) | 39 (43.3) | 9 (27.3) | 13 (34.2) | 21 (25.3) | .08 | .10 |
| Normal | 162 (66.4) | 51 (56.7) | 24 (72.7) | 25 (65.8) | 62 (74.7) | ||
The p-value for assessing the association between ARV therapy and fasting glucose was obtained using Fisher's exact test since the logistic regression model failed to converge to an answer; all other unadjusted p-values were obtained using logistic regression.
Logistic regression was used to fit covariate-adjusted models for assessing the relationship of ARV use with metabolic abnormalities; the p-value for type of ARV received is presented. All models adjusted for age at time of specimen collection, gender and BMI z-score; total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol additionally adjusted for log10 peak viral load and HDL cholesterol adjusted for log10 peak viral load and CD4 count at time of testing in addition to the common elements.
HOMA-IR >2.5 in children (Tanner stage <2) or >4.0 in adolescents (Tanner stage ≥2).
Triglycerides >110 mg/dL for age <10 or >150 mg/dL for age ≥10.
ARV indicates antiretrovirals; PI, protease inhibitor; NNRTI, non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NA, not available; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; BMI, body mass index