Table 1.
Summary statistics: means (SD) and frequencies.
| Female adolescents |
Male adolescents |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White N = 2699 |
Black N = 1320 |
Hispanic N = 1022 |
White N = 3268 |
Black N = 1438 |
Hispanic N = 1222 |
|
| Outcome measure | ||||||
| Body mass index | 21.56 (3.80) | 23.81a,c (5.28) | 22.43b (4.36) | 22.79 (4.41) | 23.91a (4.83) | 23.56b (4.67) |
| Individual and household characteristics | ||||||
| Age of menarche | 12.22 (1.49) | 11.64a (1.55) | 11.79b (1.52) | – | – | – |
| Youth income | 794.33 (1534) | 544.08a (1123) | 592.55b (1546) | 908.64 (1873) | 652.09a,c (1478) | 786.68b (1656) |
| Hours per week worked by youth | 12.21 (14.18) | 10.79a (14.11) | 10.19b (13.86) | 14.01 (15.97) | 12.19a,c (16.84) | 14.00b (17.12) |
| Urban residence | 70.65% | 77.00%a,c | 90.00%b | 72.44% | 76.31%a,c | 92.86%b |
| Suburban residence | 9.58% | 6.62%a | 4.51%b | 11.58% | 5.26%a | 3.41%b |
| Rural residence | 19.77% | 16.38%a,c | 5.49%b | 15.98% | 18.43%a,c | 3.73%b |
| Mother does not work | 17.49% | 21.61%a,c | 26.73%b | 18.52% | 23.03%a,c | 29.39%b |
| Mother works part time | 20.34% | 11.95%a,c | 15.98%b | 18.15% | 11.19%a | 10.14%b |
| Mother works full-time | 62.17% | 66.44%a,c | 57.29%b | 63.33% | 65.78%a,c | 60.47% |
| Youth lives with one biological parent | 20.94% | 50.45%a,c | 30.10%b | 18.72% | 54.67%a,c | 28.36%b |
| Age | 15.86 (1.84) | 15.88 (1.80) | 15.79 (1.86) | 15.82 (1.85) | 15.94 (1.90) | 16.04 (1.83) |
| 1997 | 31.84% | 30.56% | 31.97% | 29.75% | 29.70% | 29.00% |
| 1998 | 27.05% | 30.40%a | 29.30% | 28.57% | 30.15% | 31.31% |
| 1999 | 22.31% | 19.83% | 22.71% | 22.70% | 18.91%a | 21.44% |
| 2000 | 18.80% | 19.21%c | 15.99%b | 18.98% | 21.24% | 18.25% |
| Parental socioeconomic status | ||||||
| Parental income ($1982–1984) | 39,367 (31,526) | 18,991a (25,078) | 21,450b (23,553) | 38,283 (33,634) | 17,121a,c (17,912) | 22,274b (22,400) |
| Mother not completed high school | 8.71% | 18.20%a,c | 37.80%b | 10.03% | 20.78%a,c | 41.81%b |
| Mother completed high school | 35.87% | 42.40%a,c | 34.38% | 35.39% | 40.35%a,c | 31.11%b |
| Mother completed more than high school | 55.42% | 39.40%a,c | 27.82%b | 54.58% | 38.87%a,c | 27.08%b |
| Neighborhood food, physical activity, and socioeconomic contextual factors | ||||||
| Price of fast food | 2.76 (0.16) | 2.74a,c (0.19) | 2.84b (0.18) | 2.76 (0.16) | 2.74a,c (0.18) | 2.82b (0.18) |
| Price of food at home | 1.09 (0.09) | 1.09c (0.12) | 1.14b (0.16) | 1.09 (0.08) | 1.10a,c (0.13) | 1.14b (0.16) |
| Fast food restaurants (per 10,000 capita) | 2.36 (0.82) | 2.60a,c (0.82) | 2.31 (0.56) | 2.41 (0.79) | 2.52a,c (0.86) | 2.36b (0.54) |
| Full-service restaurants (per 10,000 capita) | 10.54 (2.91) | 11.36a,c (4.29) | 11.08b (3.16) | 10.78 (2.87) | 10.77c (4.04) | 11.27b (2.92) |
| Grocery stores (per 10,000 capita) | 3.00 (1.42) | 4.15a,c (2.48) | 3.04 (1.68) | 2.92 (1.36) | 4.02a,c (2.61) | 3.00 (1.50) |
| Convenience stores (per 10,000 capita) | 1.96 (1.11) | 2.48a,c (1.60) | 1.51b (0.89) | 1.91 (1.08) | 2.41a,c (1.57) | 1.53b (0.94) |
| Supermarkets (per 10,000 capita) | 0.54 (0.28) | 0.62a,c (0.28) | 0.48b (0.20) | 0.54 (0.26) | 0.60a,c (0.28) | 0.50b (0.20) |
| Physical activity outlets (per 10,000 capita) | 3.68 (1.11) | 3.24a,c (1.37) | 2.96b (1.04) | 3.84 (1.19) | 3.13a,c (1.35) | 2.92b (1.07) |
| County-level median household income ($2000) | 44,191 (10,389) | 39,222a,c (8873) | 43,390b (10,536) | 43,447 (9591) | 39,623a,c (8789) | 43,023 (9719) |
Notes: summary statistics are weighted using the NLSY sampling weights. SD is standard deviation.
a
Statistically different than whites at p ≤ 0.05.
b
Statistically different than whites at p ≤ 0.05.
c
Statistically different than Hispanics at p ≤ 0.05.