Table 1.
Sociodemographic and health characteristics of the study sample.
| All Participants N (%) | Nonoverweight BMI < 25.0 kg/m2 N (%) | Overweight/Obese BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 N (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 286 | 143 (50.0) | 143 (50.0) |
| Race* | |||
| White | 233 (81.5) | 120 (83.9) | 113 (79.0) |
| African-American | 18 (6.3) | 4 (2.8) | 14 (9.8) |
| Asian | 18 (6.3) | 12 (8.4) | 6 (4.2) |
| Other | 15 (5.2) | 5 (3.5) | 10 (7.0) |
| Missing | 2 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | -- |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic | 273 (95.5) | 139 (97.2) | 134 (93.7) |
| Hispanic | 13 (4.5) | 4 (2.8) | 9 (6.3) |
| Maternal Age | |||
| ≤ 30 | 111 (38.8) | 53 (37.1) | 58 (40.6) |
| > 30 | 175 (61.2) | 90 (62.9) | 85 (59.4) |
| Parity* | |||
| Nulliparous | 101 (35.3) | 59 (41.3) | 42 (29.4) |
| Multiparous | 185 (64.7) | 84 (58.7) | 101 (70.6) |
| Marital Status | |||
| Married | 245 (85.7) | 127 (88.8) | 118 (82.5) |
| Not Married | 41 (14.3) | 16 (11.2) | 25 (17.5) |
| Highest Educational Level Completed** | |||
| College or less | 161 (56.3) | 67 (46.8) | 94 (65.7) |
| Post-Graduate | 125 (43.7) | 76 (53.2) | 49 (34.3) |
| Income* | |||
| ≤ $80,000 per year | 136 (47.5) | 57 (39.9) | 79 (55.2) |
| > $80,000 per year | 140 (49.0) | 81 (56.6) | 59 (41.3) |
| Missing | 10 (3.5) | 5 (3.5) | 5 (3.5) |
| Insurance | |||
| Private Insurance | 245 (85.7) | 126 (88.1) | 119 (83.2) |
| Medicaid/Medicare | 36 (12.6) | 16 (11.2) | 20 (14.0) |
| Missing | 5 (1.7) | 1 (0.7) | 4 (2.8) |
| Smoking | |||
| Not During Pregnancy | 256 (89.5) | 126 (88.1) | 130 (90.9) |
| During Pregnancy | 24 (8.4) | 13 (9.1) | 11 (7.7) |
| Missing | 6 (2.1) | 4 (2.8) | 2 (1.4) |
| Hypertension | |||
| Yes | 4 (1.4) | 1 (0.72) | 3 (2.2) |
| No | 273 (98.6) | 137 (99.3) | 136 (97.8) |
| Diabetes* | |||
| Yes | 24 (8.7) | 6 (4.4) | 18 (13.0) |
| No | 253 (91.3) | 132 ( 95.7) | 121 (87.1) |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Birth weight (grams)*** | 3421.9 (508.3) | 3318.2 (531.9) | 3524.9 (463.2) |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 39.1 (1.9) | 39.1 (1.9) | 39.1 (1.8) |
*
P < 0.05; Statistical significance of difference between low and high BMI groups
**
P < 0.01; Statistical significance of difference between low and high BMI groups.
***
P<0.001; Statistical significance of difference between low and high BMI groups.