Table 1.
Correlation Matrix of Independent and Control Variables
| Licensed nurse retention rate | Licensed nurse turnover rate | Average age | Percent female | Percent black | Average ADL score | Average RUGS score | Percent high CPS | Percent on ventilator | Percent with UTI | Percent with catheter | Percent with CHF | Percent with DNR | Percent with DNH | Occupancy | Percent Medicaid | Percent Medicare | CNA HPRD | Licensed nurse HPRD | Physician extender | Specialty care unit | Hospital beds/ 1,000 65+ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Licensed nurse retention rate | 1.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensed nurse turnover rate | −.41 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Average age | .09 | −.05 | 1.00 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percent female | .05 | .00 | .69 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percent black | −.03 | −.01 | −.60 | −.41 | 1.00 | |||||||||||||||||
| Average ADL Score | .10 | −.02 | .26 | .26 | −.23 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||||||
| Average RUGS score | −.01 | .03 | −.08 | −.04 | −.08 | .63 | 1.00 | |||||||||||||||
| Percent high CPS | .05 | −.05 | .10 | .11 | −.14 | .35 | .10 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||||
| Percent on ventilator | .03 | −.03 | −.23 | −.13 | .07 | .14 | .30 | .11 | 1.00 | |||||||||||||
| Percent with UTI | −.08 | .05 | .11 | .07 | −.19 | .13 | .31 | −.06 | .04 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||
| Percent with catheter | −.06 | .06 | −.17 | −.18 | .01 | .15 | .45 | −.07 | .20 | .31 | 1.00 | |||||||||||
| Percent with CHF | −.03 | .03 | .21 | .21 | −.13 | .12 | .16 | −.02 | −.03 | .12 | .11 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
| Percent with DNR | .03 | .01 | .55 | .38 | −.54 | .14 | −.15 | .11 | −.13 | .10 | −.13 | .11 | 1.00 | |||||||||
| Percent with DNH | .05 | .00 | .18 | .11 | −.17 | .08 | .00 | .05 | −.03 | .04 | −.04 | .10 | .27 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Occupancy | .10 | .04 | .16 | .17 | −.07 | .08 | −.08 | .03 | −.11 | −.04 | −.08 | .02 | .10 | .06 | 1.00 | |||||||
| Percent Medicaid | −.02 | .03 | −.54 | −.28 | .49 | −.29 | −.26 | −.05 | −.02 | −.22 | −.10 | −.03 | −.31 | −.09 | .05 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Percent Medicare | −.02 | .07 | .34 | .26 | −.31 | .32 | .35 | −.02 | −.02 | .18 | .11 | .11 | .12 | .06 | .12 | −.54 | 1.00 | |||||
| CNA HPRD | .05 | −.06 | −.05 | −.10 | −.01 | .16 | .24 | .05 | .24 | .05 | .06 | .00 | .02 | .02 | −.16 | −.19 | .02 | 1.00 | ||||
| Licensed nurse HPRD | .02 | −.08 | −.10 | −.09 | −.04 | .16 | .32 | .11 | .39 | .08 | .17 | −.01 | −.06 | −.03 | −.23 | −.25 | .10 | .60 | 1.00 | |||
| Physician extender | −.04 | .04 | −.03 | −.01 | −.01 | .00 | .02 | −.02 | −.05 | .05 | −.02 | −.01 | .05 | .08 | .07 | .01 | .02 | −.01 | −.05 | 1.00 | ||
| Specialty Care Unit | .01 | −.04 | .04 | −.01 | −.10 | −.07 | −.12 | .19 | .02 | −.04 | −.12 | −.06 | .11 | .07 | .04 | −.01 | −.04 | −.03 | −.01 | .11 | 1.00 | |
| Hospital beds/ 1,000 65+ | −.02 | −.01 | −.13 | −.03 | .30 | .00 | .01 | −.01 | .02 | −.03 | −.02 | .01 | −.19 | −.06 | .04 | .09 | −.07 | −.03 | −.01 | .02 | −.02 | 1.00 |
Notes: N = 681 nursing homes and 5,153 facility year observations; ADL = activities of daily living; RUGS = Resource Utilization Groups; CPS = Cognitive Performance Scale; UTI = urinary tract infection; CHF = congestive heart failure; DNR = do not resuscitate; DNH = do not hospitalize; SCU = Special Care Unit; FTEs = full-time equivalent; CNA = certified nursing assistant; HPRD = hours per resident day.