Table 4.
Analysis of risk factors for the complications in patients who underwent FNA of the pancreas
| With complications | Without complications | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 11 | n = 316 | ||
| Age | 71.0 ± 9.6 | 66.1 ± 11.4 | 0.163b |
| Sex | |||
| M:F | 7:4 | 171:145 | 0.760 |
| Location | |||
| Head | 6 | 129 | 0.371 |
| Body/tail | 5 | 187 | |
| Tumor size (mm) | |||
|
≤20 >20 |
3 8 |
268 48 |
<0.001 |
| Benign | 1 | 34 | 0.012c |
| PNETs | 3 | 11 | |
| Other tumors (PK, sarcoma, SPN) | 7 | 271 | |
| Site of needle pass | |||
| Stomach | 5 | 193 | 0.353 |
| Duodenum | 6 | 123 | |
| Needle size (gauge) | |||
| 25 | 0 | 28 | 0.263d |
| 22 | 9 | 259 | |
| 19 | 2 | 29 | |
| Number of needle passes | |||
|
<2 >3 |
2 9 |
156 160 |
0.063 |
| Needle pass via the normal pancreas | |||
| Yes | 8 | 143 | 0.121 |
| No | 3 | 173 | |
| Length of the needle penetration | |||
| Absence | 3 | 173 | 0.048d |
| <1 cm | 4 | 89 | |
| 1–2 cm | 3 | 43 | |
| >2 cm | 1 | 11 | |
aFisher’s exact test
b t test
c P values for paired comparisons are as follows: P = 0.065 for benign versus PNETs, P = 1.000 for benign versus other tumor, and P = 0.009 for PNETs versus tumor
dChi-square test for trend