Table 3.
Baseline characteristics by sex and categories of waist circumference
| Men | Waist circumference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
<94 cm N = 3,702 |
≥94 and <102 cm N = 3,473 |
≥102 cm N = 4,215 |
p-value |
p for linear trend |
| Age, mean (SD) |
50 (11) |
54 (11) |
56 (11) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Current smoker |
1406 (38.0%) |
1035 (29.8%) |
1280 (30.4%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD) |
128 (17) |
134 (18) |
140 (18) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD) |
78 (10) |
81 (10) |
84 (11) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Hypertension |
1219 (33.1%) |
1764 (51.0%) |
2894 (68.8%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Glycaemia (mg/dl), median [IQR] |
94 [88–102] |
99 [91–109] |
103 [93–117] |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Diabetes |
330 (8.9%) |
539 (15.6%) |
1038 (24.8%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD) |
212 (38) |
217 (39) |
214 (40) |
<0.001 |
0.021 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD) |
51 (12) |
49 (10) |
47 (10) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD) |
138 (34) |
141 (34) |
138 (34) |
<0.001 |
0.884 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl), median [IQR] |
102 [78–139] |
120 [88–165] |
132 [97–188] |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia |
1438 (39.1%) |
1710 (49.7%) |
2181 (52.0%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| History of CV disease |
150 (4.2%) |
192 (5.8%) |
402 (10.0%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) |
24.7 (2.4) |
27.7 (2.1) |
31.7 (3.5) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Waist-to-height ratio, mean (SD) |
0.51 (0.04) |
0.58 (0.03) |
0.65 (0.05) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| 10-year CAD risk, median [IQR] |
2.8 [1.6-4.9] |
4.1 [2.3-7.1] |
5.4 [3.2-8.6] |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| 10-year CAD risk ≥10% |
184 (5.4%) |
352 (11.4%) |
650 (18.2%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
|
Women |
<80 cm N = 2,900 |
≥80 cm and <88 N = 2,800 |
≥88 cm N = 7,434 |
p-value |
|
| Age, mean (SD) |
46 (9) |
51 (10) |
57 (11) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Current smoker |
918 (31.7%) |
671 (24.0%) |
1019 (13.7%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD) |
115 (16) |
122 (19) |
134 (20) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD) |
72 (10) |
75 (10) |
80 (10) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Hypertension |
465 (16.1%) |
808 (29.0%) |
4289 (57.9%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Glycaemia (mg/dl), median [IQR] |
88 [83–94] |
90 [85–97] |
96 [88–107] |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Diabetes |
87 (3.0%) |
151 (5.4%) |
1312 (17.8%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD) |
206 (36) |
215 (37) |
219 (38) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD) |
61 (13) |
59 (12) |
55 (12) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD) |
129 (32) |
137 (33) |
139 (34) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl), median [IQR] |
75 [60–95] |
86 [68–114] |
109 [82–149] |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia |
881 (30.5%) |
1163 (42.0%) |
3807 (51.5%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| History of CV disease |
69 (2.5%) |
86 (3.2%) |
326 (4.6%) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) |
22.7 (2.4) |
25.3 (2.5) |
30.9 (4.8) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| Waist-to-height ratio, mean (SD) |
0.46 (0.03) |
0.53 (0.03) |
0.64 (0.07) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| 10-year CAD risk, median [IQR] |
0.9 [0.5-1.9] |
1.7 [0.8-3.1] |
3.1 [1.7-4.9] |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| 10-year CAD risk ≥10% | 9 (0.3%) | 17 (0.7%) | 229 (3.4%) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Abbreviation: CAD Coronary artery disease, CV Cardiovascular, HDL High-density Llipoprotein, IQR Interquartile range, LDL low-density lipoprotein, SD Standard deviation.