Table 3. Association between baseline sterol levels and glucose area under the curve (AUC) at the 5-year follow-up study.

Sterol, adjusted for total cholesterol	B (SE)	P	P*	P†	P‡
Synthesis markers
Squalene	15.8 (54.1)	0.871	0.723	0.124	0.803
Lathosterol	142.8 (47.0)	0.002	0.140	0.879	0.259
Cholestenol	240.0 (56.0)	1.1E-05	6.5E-04	0.041	0.003
Desmosterol	376.7 (80.0)	4.2E-07	1.6E-04	0.256	0.193
Absorption markers
Cholestanol	−280.9 (92.1)	0.002	0.065	0.617	0.051
Campesterol	−209.3 (42.2)	1.7E-07	0.003	0.151	0.043
Sitosterol	−214.0 (41.0)	6.6E-08	0.002	0.049	0.037
Avenasterol	−322.8 (64.6)	1.7E-07	0.006	0.038	0.052

Linear regression analysis, adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity and additional covariates as listed below. Individuals with previously diagnosed diabetes or with statin or ezetimibe treatment were excluded (N = 458–474). B, unstandardized beta, SE, standard error. Bold types indicate statistical significance with P≤0.006.

P, unadjusted.

P*, adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, and physical activity.

P^†, adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity and Matsuda ISI.

P^‡, adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity, Matsuda ISI, InsAUC_0–30/GluAUC_0–30, glucose AUC at baseline and total triglycerides.