Table 1.
Characteristics of enrollment visits, KCMC and MRH, 2010–11
| n/N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |
| Age, median (range) years | 7.4 (0.2–15.7) |
| Male sex | 56/98 (57.1) |
| Recruited as inpatient | 37/98 (37.8) |
| BCG scar | 86/98 (87.7) |
| Household TB contact | 10/96 (10.4) |
| Medications | |
| ART | 50/98 (51.0) |
| Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis | 72/97 (74.2) |
| Antibacterial/antifungal in last 48 hours | 35/98 (35.7) |
| Immunosuppression | |
| Immunologic ART eligibility in 3 months prior to enrollmenta | 65/97 (67.0) |
| Severe immunosuppression at time of enrollmentb | 59/96 (61.5) |
| Oral candidiasis | 16/98 (16.3) |
| Signs and symptoms at enrollment | |
| Days ill, median (range) | 14 (0–90) |
| Febrile (>38.5 °C) | 24/98 (24.5) |
| Hypothermic (<35.5 °C) | 4/98 (4.1) |
| Tachycardicc | 23/95 (24.2) |
| Tachypneicd | 52/97 (53.6) |
| Malnutrition (all) | 52/97 (53.6) |
| Moderate malnutrition (<-2SD) | 28/97 (28.9) |
| Severe malnutrition (<-3SD) | 24/97 (24.7) |
| Wasting | |
| Recent perceived weight loss | 50/96 (52.1) |
| Severe wasting on exam | 31/98 (31.6) |
| Systemic | |
| Subjective fever > 7 days | 40/98 (40.8) |
| Night sweats within 4 weeks | 27/96 (28.1) |
| Poor feeding/appetite | 38/98 (38.8) |
| Lymphadenopathy | 14/93 (15.1) |
| Fatigue | 43/98 (43.9) |
| Respiratory | |
| Cough >2wks | 54/98 (55.1) |
| Productive cough >4wks | 28/98 (28.6) |
| Difficulty breathing | 22/98 (22.4) |
| Crepitations | 44/97 (45.4) |
| Gastrointestinal | |
| Vomiting or diarrhea | 27/98 (27.6) |
| Palpable liver | 19/98 (19.4) |
| Palpable spleen | 4/98 (4.1) |
| Central nervous system | |
| Comatose | 2/98 (2.0) |
| Convulsions (in past 48 hrs) | 3/98 (3.1) |
BCG = Bacille Calmet Guerin vaccine; TB = tuberculosis; ART = anti-retroviral therapy
a
Immunologic ART eligibility: <24 months, all patients; 2 – 5 years, CD4 ≤ 750 or CD4% ≤ 25%; ≥5 years, CD4 ≤ 350.
b
Severe immunosuppression: ≤11 months, CD4 <25%; 12 – 35 months, CD4% <20%; 36 – 59 months, CD4% < 15%; ≥5 years, CD4 < 200 or CD4% <15%.
c
Tachycardia: <12 months, >160/minute; 1 – 5 years, >120/minute; >5 years, >100/minute
d
Tachypnea: <2 months, ≥60/minute; 2 – 11 months, ≥50/minute; 1 – 5 years, ≥40/minute