Fig. 1.

An overview of the signaling events induced by exposure of renal cells to high glucose ambience leading to altered expression of various genes and cellular abnormalities culminating in diabetic nephropathy. The schematic highlights three sets of major signaling events which converge to induce dysfunction of glomerular and tubular cells leading to glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis and ultimately ESRD. ROS = Reactive oxygen species.