Stoichiometric ΔNO2−/NH4+ (gray bars) and ΔNO3−/NH4+ (white bars) ratios in “Ca. Brocadia sinica” cultures incubated in the presence of (i) NH4+, NO2−, and NO3− (labeled as w/o); (ii) NH4+, NO2−, NO3−, and Fe2+ (labeled as Fe2+); and (iii) NH4+, NO2−, NO3−, and Fe3+ (labeled as Fe3+). Error bars indicate the range of SDs derived from three replicated vials. P values were calculated with Student's t test. *, P < 0.01.