Fig 1.
(A) Bacterial colonization upon administration with B. pertussis LPS (1 μg) at different times before and after the B. pertussis challenge. (B) Bacterial clearance at different times postchallenge, induced by LPS coadministered with B. pertussis. In all cases, the nasal challenge of mice was performed with a sublethal dose (107 CFU/40 μl) of B. pertussis strain Tohama (Bp). The lungs of the infected mice were collected for bacterial counts 24 h after the last treatment (A) or 2, 6, 24, and 48 h after the B. pertussis challenge. The results show the average counts for five mice per group. The results presented are representative of at least four independent experiments. *, P < 0.001 in the Bonferroni test. ND, not detected.