Table 1.

A summary of published reports that have compared the magnitude of sensor lag measured during rising glucose (or low insulin effect) to lag measured during falling glucose (or high insulin effect)

Authors, year	Reference	Type of sensor	Subjects	Lower lag found during high insulin effect?
Sternberg et al., 1996	[3]	Microdialysis	Type 1 diabetes— humans	Yes, but only in ~50% of subjects
Thome-Duret et al., 1996	[4]	Wilson-Reach sensor(GOX, non-mediated)	Type 1 diabetes—rats	Yes
Wilhelm et al., 2006	[21]	MiniMed (GOX, non-mediated)	Type 1 diabetes— humans	*
Schmidke et al., 1998	[7]	Heller sensor (GOX, osmium-mediated)	Non-diabetic rats	No
Aussedat et al., 2000	[5]	Wilson-Reach	Non-diabetic rats	Yes
Rebrin et al., 1999	[8]	MiniMed	Non-diabetic dogs	No
Kulcu et al., 2003	[6]	Cygnus, GOX, transdermal	Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes— humans	Yes
Boyne et al., 2003	[2]	MiniMed	Type 1 diabetes— humans	No
Kamath et al., 2009	[12]	Dexcom Seven+ (GOX, non-mediated)	Type 1diabetes— humans	Apparently yes, although not directly stated

^*Compared with the rising glucose phase, during rapid decline after oral glucose and insulin administration, there was less of a lag of the sensor (vs. capillary blood as a reference), but there was also consistent calibration error (the sensor substantially underestimated blood glucose at high glucose levels), so this finding is difficult to interpret.

GOX, glucose oxidase.