TABLE 2.

Measures of β-cell mass in 46 children aged 2 weeks to 21 years, grouped into quintiles

	0.2–2.05	2.06–5.6	5.7–4.6	14.7–18.4	18.5–21.5	P
Fractional (β-cell area (%)	2.6 ± 0.5	2.1 ± 0.3	1.7 ± 0.2	1.3 ± 0.3	1.3 ± 0.2	0.023
Mean islet area (µm2)	2,589 ± 476	4,325 ± 729	5,010 ± 594	7,493 ± 1393	9,377 ± 1163	< 0.0001
Insulin-positive islet area (µm2)	1,533 ± 231	2,842 ± 500	3,374 ± 454	5,030 ± 900	6,296 ± 639	< 0.0001
Islet density (islets /mm2)	27.9 ± 3.5	18.3 ± 2.6	11.9 ± 1.0	6.6 ± 0.7	7.3 ± 1.2	0.011
Islet number (millions)	0.98 ± 0.17	1.42 ± 0.25	1.91 ± 0.43	1.31 ± 0.20	1.89 ± 0.50	0.22
β-Cell nuclear diameter (µm)	7.35 ± 0.15	6.91 ± 0.12	7.18 ± 0.13	7.43 ± 0.25	7.27 ± 0.28	0.40
β-Cell diameter (µm)	11.15 ± 0.10	10.77 ± 0.09	11.03 ± 0.10	11.37 ± 0.15	11.19 ± 0.21	0.0502

Data are means ± SE. P values were calculated by ANOVA.