Pronase detachment decreases the pulmonary trapping of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. (A, B): Biodistribution of trypsin- and pronase-detached, radioactively labeled BM-MSCs (A) (n = 5) and UCB-MSCs (B) (n = 3) in mice at 1 and 15 hours postinjection. The results are presented as mean (+SD) percentage of radioactivity from total amount of radioactivity in all the tissues measured. (C): Biodistribution of trypsin- and pronase-detached, PKH-labeled UCB-MSCs (n = 4) in mice at 1 and 20 hours postinjection. The amount of injected cells was determined per 1 × 106 tissue cells with flow cytometry. Results are presented as means (+SD). *, p < .05; **, p < .01; ***, p < .001. Abbreviations: BM, bone marrow; BMMSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cell; GI, gastrointestinal; UCBMSC, umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stromal/stem cell.