Table I.

Descriptive data

Variable	Value	% or SD
Age	50.39	14.92
Sex - (Male)	35	59.3%
(Female)	24	40.7%
Race – (Caucasian)	51	89.5%
(African American)	4	7.0%
(Not specified)	2	3.5%
No medication	29	49.2%
Pain medication	27	45.8%
Involved arm - (Right)	21	35.6%
(left)	38	64.4%
Pre-operative clinical pain (BPI)	3.92	2.50
STAI	36.60	11.84
PCS	13.44	9.55
BDI	7.14	5.63
Pain tolerance (°C)	48.03	2.22
Pain threshold (°C)	44.34	2.94
Mean pain ratings at 47°C	41.13	26.59
Mean pain ratings at 49°C	43.84	27.59
TS at 47°C	−1.5	20.95
TS at 49°C	1.7	12.68
First pain rating at 47°C	41.77	28.09
First pain rating at 49°C	43.19	28.65
Fifth pain rating at 47 °C	38.78	29.11
Fifth pain rating at 49°C	43.74	28.27
Pressure Pain Threshold (Kg)– (PPacromion)	3 .36	1.68
(PPmasseter)	1.68	0.69
Completed post-operative follow-up	48	81.4%
Post-operative clinical pain (BPI)	1.95	2.20
No post-operative medication	31	52.5%
Post-operative medication	16	27.1%

PCS: Pain Catastrophizing Scale; STAI: State Trait Anxiety Inventory (trait portion of STAI was used); BPI: Brief Pain Inventory; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory