Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population (N=133)
| Mean age in yrs (range) | 82 (65–105) |
| Non-Hispanic White race | 74% |
| Female | 84% |
| Medical comorbidity | |
| Mean Charlson score (range) | 1.4 (0–8) |
| Mean number of prescription medications (range) | 8.1 (1–18) |
| Psychiatric comorbidity | |
| Depression | 48% |
| Other disorders* | 17% |
| Cognitive impairment | 19% |
| Functional status | |
| ≥ 1 basic activity of daily living deficit | 21% |
| ≥ 3 instrument activity of daily living deficits | 33% |
| History of prior opioid use | 15% |
*
Category includes patients with anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorder, delusional disorder, and substance abuse disorders.