Table 3.
Hazards ratios for diabetes according to obesity levels, adjusting for insulin prior to inflammation markers
| |
Main exposure |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| |
Overweight a |
Obesity b |
Waist circumference 4thquartile c |
| HR (95%CI) | HR (95%CI) | HR (95%CI) | |
| Model 1 |
2.07 (1.45–2.95) |
6.43 (4.48–9.21) |
8.30 (5.60–12.28) |
| Model 1’ |
1.27 (0.87–1.86 |
2.67 (1.73–4.13) |
3.63 (2.28–5.78) |
| Model 2 |
1.23 (0.84–1.81) |
2.51 (1.63–3.88) |
3.43 (2.16–5.46) |
| Model 3 |
1.09 (0.74–1.60) |
1.85 (1.20–2.86) |
2.54 (1.58–4.08) |
| Model 4 |
1.29 (0.86–1.94) |
2.48 (1.52–4.05) |
4.10 (2.34–7.20) |
| Model 5 | 1.17 (0.78–1.76) | 2.26 (1.37–3.73) | 3.19 (1.58–6.45) |
Model 1: Adjusted for age, study center, ethnicity, gender, and family history of diabetes.
Model 1’: Model 1 + ln-insulin.
Model 2: Model 1’ + adiponectin.
Model 3: Model 2 + inflammation score, C3; oxidized LDL, ICAM-1.
Model 4: Model 3 + leptin (gender-specific quartiles).
Model 5: Model 4 + hypertension, non-esterified fatty acids, ln-triglycerides, ln-triglycerides2, HDL, BMI, BMI2, waist-to-hip ratio, (those not already in the model).
a Hazards ratio of overweight (25 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2) versus BMI < 25 kg/m2.
b Hazards ratio of obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) versus BMI < 25 kg/m2.
c 4th vs. 1st quartile. In men: waist circumference >102 cm vs. <91 cm; in women: waist circumference >101 cm vs. <84 cm.