Table 4.

Sensitivity, Specificity, Likelihood Ratios, and AUC for Dichotomous Outcomes Measures for Assessment of Lymphedema

Dichotomous Test Variables	Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)	LR+* (95% CI)	LR- (95% CI)	AUC (95% CI)
NQ	0.87 (0.77–0.94)	0.89 (0.79–0.95)	7.73 (4.0–14.9)	0.15 (0.08–0.27)	0.88 (0.83–0.93)
BIS, resistance ratio of unaffected limb/affected limb
Cutoff at published values†	0.37 (0.26–0.50)	0.99 (0.92–1.00)	26.4 (3.68–189)	0.64 (0.53–0.77)	0.68 (0.62–0.74)
Cutoff at 1 SD‡	0.87 (0.77–0.94)	0.47 (0.35–0.56)	1.63 (1.29–2.06)	0.28 (0.14–0.54)	0.67 (0.60–0.74)
Cutoff at 2 SD‡	0.51 (0.39–0.64)	0.99 (0.92–1.00)	36.5 (5.15–259)	0.49 (0.39–0.63)	0.75 (0.69–0.81)
Cutoff at 3 SD‡	0.31 (0.21–0.44)	1.00 (0.95–1.00)	310*	0.69 (0.59–0.80)	0.66 (0.60–0.71)
Volume ratio of affected/unaffected
Cutoff at 1 SD‡	0.87 (0.77–0.94)	0.54(0.41–0.66)	1.87 (1.44–2.44)	0.24 (0.13–0.46)	0.70 (0.63–0.77)
Cutoff at 2 SD‡	0.51 (0.39–0.64)	0.97 (0.90–1.00)	18.3 (4.57–72.9)	0.50 (0.39–0.64)	0.74 (0.68–0.81)
Cutoff at 3 SD‡	0.34 (0.23–0.47)	1.00 (0.95–1.00)	340*	0.66 (0.56–0.78)	0.67 (0.62–0.73)
Volume calculated from circumference Difference = affected - unaffected
–Volume difference ≥200 mL	0.39 (0.27–0.51)	1.00 (0.95–1.00)	390*	0.61 (0.51–0.74)	0.69 (0.64–0.75)
Circumference difference = affected - unaffected
At 0cm; ≥2cm cutoff	0.07 (0.03–0.16)	1.00 (0.95–1.00)	70*	0.93 (0.87–0.99)	0.54 (0.51–0.57)
At 10cm; ≥2cm cutoff	0.29 (0.18–0.41)	1.00 (0.95–1.00)	290*	0.71 (0.62–0.83)	0.64 (0.55–0.74)
At 20cm; ≥2cm cutoff	0.29 (0.18–0.41)	1.00 0.95–1.00)	290*	0.71 (0.62–0.83)	0.64 (0.59–0.70)
At 30cm; ≥2cm cutoff	0.36 (0.25–0.48)	0.94 (0.86–0.98)	6.34 (2.33–17.3)	0.68 (0.57–0.82)	0.65 (0.59–0.71)
At 40cm; ≥2cm cutoff	0.14 (0.07–0.25)	0.99 (0.92–1.00)	10.1 (1.33–77.1)	0.87 (0.79–0.96)	0.56 (0.52–0.61)

^*.999 was used for calculations of LR⁺ when specificity = 1.0.

^†1.139 for dominant = affected arm; 1.066 for dominant = unaffected arm.

^‡Above mean of nonlymphedema group.