TABLE 4—
Suicide and Events of Undetermined Intent in 1993–1996, 1997–2002, and 1993–2002, by Unemployment Experience in 1992–1996, Among Women in Sweden, Born Between 1931–1965 Who Were Gainfully Employed in 1990 and Alive in 1992
| Mortality Follow-Up, 1993–1996 |
Mortality Follow-Up, 1997–2002 |
Mortality Follow-Up, 1993–2002 |
|||||||
| Variable | Unemployeda Female HR (95% CI) | % Reduction in the HR | Total No. of Deaths | Unemployeda Female HR (95% CI) | % Reduction in the HR | Total No. of Deaths | Unemployeda Female HR (95% CI) | % Reduction in the HR | Total No. of Deaths |
| Suicide | |||||||||
| Employed (Ref) | 1.00 | … | 1.00 | … | 1.00 | … | |||
| Age-adjusted | 1.26 (1.05, 1.52) | … | 1.39 (1.20, 1.62) | … | 1.34 (1.19, 1.50) | … | |||
| Age- and previous health–adjustedb | 0.98 (0.81, 1.18) | 100 | 1.14 (0.97, 1.33) | 64 | 1.07 (0.94, 1.20) | 79 | |||
| Age- and SFE–adjustedc | 1.07 (0.88, 1.30) | 73 | 1.16 (0.99, 1.36) | 59 | 1.12 (0.99, 1.26) | 65 | |||
| Fully adjusted | 0.96 (0.79, 1.17) | 100 | 652 | 1.07 (0.91, 1.25) | 82 | 914 | 1.02 (0.90, 1.15) | 94 | 1566 |
| Fully adjustedd | 1.14 (0.87, 1.48) | … | 357 | 1.26 (1.04, 1.54) | … | 599 | 1.22 (1.04, 1.42) | … | 956 |
| Events of undetermined intent | |||||||||
| Employed (Ref) | 1.00 | … | 1.00 | … | 1.00 | … | |||
| Age-adjusted | 1.71 (1.26, 2.33) | … | 2.31 (1.77, 3.00) | … | 2.02 (1.66, 2.47) | … | |||
| Age- and previous health–adjustedb | 1.34 (0.98, 1.84) | 52 | 1.85 (1.42, 2.42) | 35 | 1.60 (1.31, 2.96) | 41 | |||
| Age- and SFE–adjustedc | 1.26 (0.92, 1.74) | 63 | 1.77 (1.34, 2.32) | 41 | 1.52 (1.23, 1.87) | 49 | |||
| Fully adjusted | 1.19 (0.87, 1.64) | 73 | 215 | 1.63 (1.24, 2.15) | 52 | 260 | 1.42 (1.15, 1.74) | 59 | 475 |
| Fully adjustedd | 1.32 (0.85, 2.07) | … | 114 | 1.69 (1.19, 2.40) | … | 161 | 1.53 (1.16, 2.02) | … | 275 |
Note. CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; SFE = social, family, and employer characteristics.
Unemployed = at least 30 days of unemployment in any 1 year, 1992–1996.
Adjusted for the natural logarithm (no. of total hospitalizations), any previous suicide or self-injury attempt, any previous mental health diagnosis excluding an alcohol-related diagnosis, and any previous alcohol-related diagnosis, 1982–1991.
Social, family, and employer characteristics = natural logarithm (no. of children), marital status, natural logarithm (yearly household income), education level, employer county location, and immigrant status.
Excludes those with a previous history of self-injury or a suicide attempt, any previous mental health diagnosis excluding an alcohol-related diagnosis, and any previous alcohol-related diagnosis, 1982–1991.