TABLE 3—
Health Insurance Coverage and Change Between Prereform (2003–2005) and Postreform Period (2007–2009), and Massachusetts and Other New England States Stratified by Proxy Measures of Perceived Health
| Massachusetts (n = 60 388), % (95% CI) |
Other New England States (n = 122 464), % (95% CI) |
||||||
| Variable | 2007–2009 Postreform, % (95% CI) | 2003–2005 Prereform, % (95% CI) | Differences and DD,a % (95% CI) | 2007–2009 Postreform, % (95% CI) | 2003–2005 Prereform, % (95% CI) | Differences and DD,a % (95% CI) | DDb and DDD,c % (95% CI) |
| All (n = 182 852) | 94.0 (93.6, 94.4) | 89.4 (88.8, 90.0) | 4.7** (3.9, 5.4) | 87.2 (86.7, 87.6) | 87.1 (86.7, 87.5) | 0.1 (-0.6, 0.7) | 4.6** (3.6, 5.6) |
| Mentally unhealthy days | |||||||
| ≥ 14 d (n = 21 108) | 93.2 (92.1, 94.3) | 87.1 (85.3, 88.9) | 6.1** (3.9, 8.2) | 85.0 (83.7, 86.3) | 84.1 (82.7, 85.5) | 0.9 (−1.1, 2.8) | 5.2** (2.3, 8.1) |
| < 14 d (n = 159 629) | 94.2 (93.8, 94.7) | 89.8 (89.1, 90.4) | 4.5** (3.7, 5.3) | 87.6 (87.0, 88.0) | 87.6 (87.2, 88.1) | -0.1 (-0.8, 0.6) | 4.6** (3.6, 5.6) |
| Differences and DDd | -1.1 (-2.3, 0.2) | -2.6* (-4.6, -0.7) | 1.6 (-0.7, 3.9) | -2.6** (-4.0, -1.2) | -3.5** (-5.0, -2.1) | 1.0 (-1.1, 3.0) | 0.6 (-2.0, 3.3) |
| Physically unhealthy days | |||||||
| ≥ 14 d (n = 18 982) | 94.1 (93.7, 94.5) | 88.7 (86.9, 90.6) | 5.3** (3.1, 7.6) | 84.4 (82.9, 85.9) | 84.6 (83.1, 86.0) | -0.2 (-2.3, 1.9) | 5.5** (2.4, 8.6) |
| < 14 d (n = 161 925) | 94.1 (93.7, 94.5) | 89.4 (88.8, 90.1) | 4.7** (3.9, 5.4) | 87.5 (87.0, 88.0) | 87.5 (87.1, 87.9) | -0.0 (-0.6, 0.7) | 4.6** (3.6, 5.6) |
| Differences and DDd | -0.0 (-1.3, 1.0) | -0.7 (-2.7, 1.3) | 0.7 (-1.7, 3.0) | -3.2** (-4.8, -1.6) | -2.9** (-4.4, -1.5) | -0.2 (-2.4, 2.0) | 0.9 (-2.4, -4.1) |
| Activity limitation days | |||||||
| ≥ 14 d (n = 13 086) | 94.4 (93.1, 95.8) | 86.8 (84.1, 89.5) | 7.7** (4.7, 10.6) | 84.8 (83.0, 86.6) | 85.0 (83.1, 86.8) | -0.1 (-2.7, 2.5) | 7.7** (3.8, 11.7) |
| < 14 d (n = 168 602) | 94.1 (93.6, 94.5) | 89.6 (88.9, 90.2) | 4.5** (3.7, 5.2) | 87.4 (86.9, 87.9) | 87.3 (86.9, 87.7) | 0.1 (-0.6, 0.7) | 4.4** (3.4, 5.4) |
| Differences and DDd | 0.4 (-1.0, 1.8) | -2.8* (-5.5, 0.0) | 3.2* (0.1, 6.2) | -2.6** (-4.4, -0.7) | -2.4** (-4.2, -0.5) | -0.2 (-2.8, 2.5) | 3.4 (-0.7, 7.4) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; DD = difference-in-differences; DDD = difference-in-difference-in-differences. Adjusted for control variables in multivariate models: age, gender, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, marital status, and employment status.
a
Difference-in-differences (postreform minus prereform).
b
Difference-in-differences (Massachusetts minus other New England states).
c
Difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDb ≥ 14 days minus DDc < 14 days).
d
Difference-in-differences (≥ 14 days minus < 14 days).
*P < .05; **P < .001.