TABLE 1.

Potential barriers to clinical implementation of pharmacogenetics

Knowledge barriers

• Lack of awareness of the pharmacogenetic data

• Uncertainty about how to interpret a pharmacogenetic test result

• Uncertainly about what action to take based on a pharmacogenetic test result

Logistical/financial barriers

• Remembering when to order a pharmacogenetic test in a busy clinical practice

• Turnaround time for pharmacogenetic test

• Cost of pharmacogenetic test

• Concerns about lack of reimbursement for pharmacogenetic test

Evidence barriers

• Lack of randomized controlled clinical trial data documenting benefit of pharmacogenetic guided treatment approach

• “Genetic exceptionalism” for genetic and pharmacogenetic tests