Table 4.

Item Response Analysis of Personality Disorder Concordance between Clinical Methods

Disorder	Estimated concordance (95% CI)			Traits evidencing differential precision (GEE)1
	Analytic method
	Latent trait	GEE - Unadjusted	GEE – post-hoc adjustment
Obsessive- Compulsive	0.33 (0.22, 0.41)	0.17 (0.1,0.24)	0.32	+Preoccupied with details, etc.(I) +Perfectionism(I) −Unable to discard worthless objects(I) +Reluctant to delegate(I)
Paranoid	0.41 (0.27, 0.54)	0.24 (0.15,0.33)	0.42	+Suspects exploiting, harming, or deceiving(I) +Doubts loyalty or trustworthiness(I) −Bears grudges(I) −Suspects fidelity of spouse or partner(I)
Schizoid	*	0.37 (0.27,0.47)	0.54	+No desire for close relationships(I-S) −Little sexual interest(I) +Lacks close friends or confidants(I) +Indifferent to praise or criticism(I)
Schizotypal	0.62 (0.52,0.71)	0.35 (0.28,0.41)	0.58	−Odds beliefs or magical thinking(I-S) +Odd thinking and speech(I-S) −Lack of close friends or confidants(I-S) +Inappropriate or constricted affect(S)
Antisocial	0.78 (0.71,0.86)	0.5 (0.41,0.58)	0.75	+Repeated unlawful behaviors(I) −Reckless disregard for others’ safety(I-S) +Impulsivity or failure to plan ahead(S)
Borderline	0.67 (0.57,0.76)	0.38 (0.31,0.45)	0.66	+Recurrent suicidality(I-S) +Affective instability(I) +Identity disturbance(S) −Impulsivity in 2+ areas(S)
Histrionic	0.55 (0.44,0.66)	0.3 (0.2,0.4)	0.49	−Uncomfortable if not center of attention(I) −Sexually seductive or provocative(I) +Style of speck is impressionistic, lacks detail(I) +Self-dramatization(I-S)
Narcissistic	*	0.37 (0.26,0.47)	0.61	+Grandiose sense of self-importance(I-S) +Believes self special or unique(I) −Lacks empathy(I)
Avoidant	0.42 (0.24,0.59)	0.4 (0.24,0.53)	0.55	+Avoids jobs with interpersonal contact(I)
Dependent	*	0.46 (0.32,0.58)	0.67	−Excessive lengths for nurturance and support(I) +Difficulty making decisions without reassurance(S)

¹I: IPDE; S: PDS