Table 5.

Comparison of Primary and Secondary Outcome Rates and 95% Confidence Intervals for Low-risk and Higher-risk Subgroups among Derivation and Validation Studies

Subgroup	Study	Combined primary endpoint	Inpatient death	Serious medical complication	Combined secondary endpoint	Death within 30 days	Readmission within 30 days
Low-risk	Auble	1.4% (CI 1.1–1.7)	0.3% (CI 0.2–0.5)	1.0% (CI 0.8–1.3)	7.0% (CI 6.4–7.7)	2.0% (CI 1.6–2.4)	5.0% (CI 4.5–5.6)
	Hsieh	2.5% (CI 1.8–3.4)	0.7% (CI 0.4–1.3)	1.7% (CI 1.2–2.5)	Not reported	2.9% (CI 2.2–3.9)	Not reported
	Hsiao	1.7% (CI 0.04–8.9)	0% (CI 0–6.0)	1.7% (CI 0.04–8.9)	10.0% (CI 3.8–20.5)	1.7% (CI 0.04–8.9)	8.3% (CI 2.8–18.4)
Higher-risk	Auble	13.3% (CI 12.9–13.7)	5.3% (CI 5.1–5.6)	8.0% (CI 7.6–8.3)	13.3% (CI 12.9–13.7)	Not reported	Not reported
	Hsieh	11.3 (CI 10.6–12.1)	4.5 (CI 4.0–5.0)	6.8 (CI 6.2–7.5)	Not reported	10.2% (CI 9.4–10.9)	Not reported
	Hsiao	8.5% (CI 5.1–13.3)	3.0% (CI 1.1–6.5)	5.5% (CI 2.8–9.7)	30.2% (CI 23.9–37.0)	2.5% (CI 0.8–5.8)	27.6% (CI 21.6–34.4)