Table 3.

Prevalence Ratios of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the United States, NHANES III, 1988–1994

Risk Factor	Age, Sex, and Race Adjusted­		Model 1a		Model 2b
	Prevalence Ratio	95% CI	Prevalence Ratio	95% CI	Prevalence Ratio	95% CI
BMIc
<18.5	1.98	1.22, 3.21	2.01	1.23, 3.27	1.93	1.18, 3.14
18.5–24.9	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
25–29.9	2.34	1.96, 2.82	2.17	1.81, 2.60	2.12	1.77, 2.55
30–34.9	3.93	3.27, 4.73	3.31	2.74, 4.01	3.21	2.66, 3.86
≥35	6.62	5.51, 7.94	5.05	4.15, 6.14	4.67	3.84, 5.66
Diabetes/insulin resistance
No diabetes/no insulin resistance	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
No diabetes/yes insulin resistance	2.54	2.23, 2.90	1.57	1.38, 1.80	1.49	1.31, 1.70
Yes diabetes	2.40	2.09, 2.76	1.60	1.39, 1.83	1.52	1.33, 1.74
Hypertension
No	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
Yes	1.57	1.39, 1.78	1.07	0.95, 1.20	1.11	1.00, 1.25
Hypercholesterolemia
No	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent	1.00	Referent
Yes	1.26	1.11, 1.42	1.08	0.97, 1.21	1.09	0.97, 1.21
Sedentary
No	1.00	Referent			1.00	Referent
Yes	1.31	1.16, 1.49			1.13	1.01, 1.27
Drinks per day	0.55	0.49, 0.62			0.62	0.56, 0.68

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; NHANES III, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

^a Model 1 is adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and metabolic characteristics (BMI category, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia).

^b Model 2 is adjusted for characteristics in Model 1, as well as lack of physical activity (sedentary) and number of alcoholic drinks per day.

^c BMI is calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)².